TO THE PROBLEM OF COUNTERING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES IN CONDITIONS OF LIMITED RESOURCES. THE KARABAKH EXPERIENCE
Keywords:
Unmanned aircraft system, unmanned aerial vehicle, countering unmanned aerial vehicles
Abstract
Based on the study of the experience of the armed conflict in Karabakh, some main trends in
the development of tactics for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been identified
and possible counteraction options have been identified in the interests of increasing the survivability
of tactical units. The analysis of the state of the issue of the development of modern means of
air defense in the tasks of combating UAVs, including low-speed and small-sized, capable of active
maneuvering and used by groups. Contradictions have been revealed in the requirements for the
early development of specialized means (complexes) of countering UAVs and the real, long timefor their development (5–15 years), as well as the necessary costs for the creation, serial production,
purchase, and delivery of promising specialized complexes to the troops. To solve the tactical
tasks of covering the strongholds of individual units performing tasks in isolation from the main
forces from UAV attacks, the use of available engineering ammunition – directed fragmentation
mines MON-90, MON-200 is proposed. A simulation of the attack situation of small-sized lowflying
UAVs was carried out, and the probability of hitting UAVs with engineering fragmentation
mines was calculated, which showed an acceptable probability of hitting low-flying UAVs when
they were in the sector of detonation and scattering of a cloud of damaging elements of mines.
References
1. GOST R 57258-2016. Sistemy bespilotnye aviatsionnye. Terminy i opredeleniya [GOST R
57258-2016. Unmanned aviation systems. Terms and definitions]. Moscow: Standartinform,
2018 22 p.
2. Murakhovskiy V. Nebo Karabakha [Sky of Karabakh], Arsenal Otechestva [Arsenal of the
Fatherland], 2020, No. 6 (50), pp. 14-17.
3. Dul'nev P.A., Sychev S.A., Garvard A.V. Osnovnye napravleniya razvitiya taktiki Sukhoputnykh
voysk (po opytu vooruzhennogo konflikta v Nagornom Karabakhe) [The main directions
of the development of tactics of the Ground forces (based on the experience of the armed
conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh)], Voennaya mysl' [Military Thought], 2021, No. 11, pp. 49-62.
4. Afonin I.E., Makarenko S.I., Petrov S.V., Privalov A.A. Analiz opyta boevogo primeneniya
grupp bespilotnykh letatel'nykh apparatov dlya porazheniya zenitnykh raketnykh kompleksov
sistemy protivovozdushnoy oborony v voennykh konfliktakh v Sirii, Livii i Nagornom
Karabakhe [Analysis of the experience of combat use of groups of unmanned aerial vehicles to
defeat anti-aircraft missile systems of the air defense system in military conflicts in Syria, Libya
and Nagorno-Karabakh], Sistemy upravleniya, svyazi i bezopasnosti [Control systems,
communications and security], 2020, No. 4, pp. 163-191.
5. Murakhovskiy V., Leonkov A. Uchit' tomu, chto nuzhno na voyne [Teach what is needed in the
war], Arsenal Otechestva [Arsenal of the Fatherland], 2021, No. 1 (51), pp. 12-16.
6. Shpigar' N., Oleynik A., Spichak E. Obnaruzhenie i podavlenie BpLA [Detection and suppression
of UAVs], Arsenal Otechestva [Arsenal of the Fatherland], 2021, No. 1 (51), pp. 18-23.
7. Makarenko S.I. Protivodeystvie bespilotnym letatel'nym apparatam: monografiya [Countering
unmanned aerial vehicles: Monograph]. Saint Petersburg: Naukoemkie tekhnologii, 2020, 204 p.
8. Makarenko S.I., Timoshenko A.V. Analiz sredstv i sposobov protivodeystviya bespilotnym
letatel'nym apparatam. Ch. 2. Ognevoe porazhenie i fizicheskiy perekhvat [Analysis of means
and methods of countering unmanned aerial vehicles. Part 2. Fire damage and physical interception],
Sistemy upravleniya, svyazi i bezopasnosti [Control, communication and security systems],
2020, No. 1, pp. 147-197.
9. Rostopchin V.V. Udarnye bespilotnye letatel'nye apparaty i protivovozdushnaya oborona –
problemy i perspektivy protivostoyaniya [Shock unmanned aerial vehicles and air defense –
problems and prospects of confrontation], Bespilotnaya aviatsiya [Unmanned aviation], 2019.
Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331772628_Udarnye_bespilotnye_
letatelnye_apparaty_i_protivovozdusnaa_oborona_-problemy_i_perspektivy_protivostoania
(accessed 20 January 2022).
10. Skiba V.A., Kuz'min A.A. Analiz metodov i sredstv protivodeystviya bespilotnym letatel'nym
apparatam v interesakh Raketnykh voysk strategicheskogo naznacheniya [Analysis of methods
and means of countering unmanned aerial vehicles in the interests of Strategic Missile Forces],
Voennaya mysl' [Military thought], 2021, No. 11, pp. 104-114.
11. Eremin G.V., Gavrilov A.D., Nazarchuk I.I. Organizatsiya sistemy bor'by s malorazmernymi
BPLA [Organization of a system for combating small-sized UAVs], Arsenal Otechestva [Arsenal
of the Fatherland], 2014, No. 6 (14). Available at: http://arsenal-otechestva.ru/new/389-
antidrone (accessed 20 January 2022).
12. Timokhin A. Reshenie problemy «nasyshchayushchikh» atak PVO [Solving the problem of
"saturating" air defense attacks], Voennoe obozrenie [Military review], 2019. Available at:
https://topwar.ru/157073-reshenie-problemy-nasyschajuschih-atak-pvo-ono-est-i-nad-nimrabotajut.
html (accessed 20 January 2022).
13. Veremeenko S. Obnulenie tsifrovoy elektroniki [Zeroing digital electronics], Arsenal
Otechestva [Arsenal of the Fatherland], 2021, No. 1 (51), pp. 38-40.
14. Lopatkin D.V., Savchenko A.Yu., Solokha N.G. K voprosu o bor'be s takticheskimi
bespilotnymi letatel'nymi apparatami [On the issue of combating tactical unmanned aerial vehicles],
Voennaya mysl' [Military thought], 2014, No. 2, pp. 41-47.
15. Rossiyskie protivovertoletnye miny i zarubezhnaya reaktsiya [Russian anti-helicopter mines and
foreign reaction], Voennoe obozrenie [Military review]. Available at: https://topwar.ru/ 188195-
rossijskie-protivovertoletnie-miny-i-zarubezhnaja-reakcija.html (accessed 20 January 2022).
16. Kolibernov E.S., Kornev V.I., Soskov A.A. Spravochnik ofitsera inzhenernykh voysk [Handbook of
an officer of engineering troops], ed. by S.Kh. Aganova. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1989, 432 p.
17. MON-100. Available at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/MON-100 (accessed 20 January 2022).
18. MON-50. Available at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/MON-50 (accessed 20 January 2022).
19. Boevoy ustav po podgotovke i vedeniyu obshchevoyskovogo boya. Ch. 3. Vzvod, otdelenie,
tank [Combat regulations for the preparation and conduct of combined arms combat. Part 3.
Platoon, squad, tank]. Moscow: Voenizdat, 2005, 201 p.
20. Bodrov V.N., Prudnikov N.V., Pankov S.E. Mnogokanal'nye «smotryashchie» OES krugovogo
i sektornogo obzora s vysokim uglovym razresheniem i bystrodeystviem [Multichannel "looking"
OES of circular and sector survey with high angular resolution and speed], Tekhnologii i
materialy dlya ekstremal'nykh usloviy (prognoznye issledovaniya i innovatsionnye razrabotki):
Mater. vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii [Technologies and materials for extreme conditions
(predictive research and innovative developments). Materials of the All-Russian scientific
conference]. Zvenigorod: Mezhvedomstvennyy tsentr analiticheskikh issledovaniy v
oblasti fiziki, khimii i biologii pri Prezidiume RAN, 2018, pp. 324-337.
21. Mitrofanov D.G., Shishkov S.V. Innovatsionnyy podkhod k voprosu obnaruzheniya
malogabaritnykh bespilotnykh letatel'nykh apparatov [An innovative approach to the issue of
detecting small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles], Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki
[Izvestiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences], 2018, No. 1 (195), pp. 28-40.
22. AO «TSNII «Tsiklon». Produktsiya [JSC "Central Research Institute "Cyclone". Products].
Available at: http://cyclone.su/ (accessed 20 January 2022).
57258-2016. Unmanned aviation systems. Terms and definitions]. Moscow: Standartinform,
2018 22 p.
2. Murakhovskiy V. Nebo Karabakha [Sky of Karabakh], Arsenal Otechestva [Arsenal of the
Fatherland], 2020, No. 6 (50), pp. 14-17.
3. Dul'nev P.A., Sychev S.A., Garvard A.V. Osnovnye napravleniya razvitiya taktiki Sukhoputnykh
voysk (po opytu vooruzhennogo konflikta v Nagornom Karabakhe) [The main directions
of the development of tactics of the Ground forces (based on the experience of the armed
conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh)], Voennaya mysl' [Military Thought], 2021, No. 11, pp. 49-62.
4. Afonin I.E., Makarenko S.I., Petrov S.V., Privalov A.A. Analiz opyta boevogo primeneniya
grupp bespilotnykh letatel'nykh apparatov dlya porazheniya zenitnykh raketnykh kompleksov
sistemy protivovozdushnoy oborony v voennykh konfliktakh v Sirii, Livii i Nagornom
Karabakhe [Analysis of the experience of combat use of groups of unmanned aerial vehicles to
defeat anti-aircraft missile systems of the air defense system in military conflicts in Syria, Libya
and Nagorno-Karabakh], Sistemy upravleniya, svyazi i bezopasnosti [Control systems,
communications and security], 2020, No. 4, pp. 163-191.
5. Murakhovskiy V., Leonkov A. Uchit' tomu, chto nuzhno na voyne [Teach what is needed in the
war], Arsenal Otechestva [Arsenal of the Fatherland], 2021, No. 1 (51), pp. 12-16.
6. Shpigar' N., Oleynik A., Spichak E. Obnaruzhenie i podavlenie BpLA [Detection and suppression
of UAVs], Arsenal Otechestva [Arsenal of the Fatherland], 2021, No. 1 (51), pp. 18-23.
7. Makarenko S.I. Protivodeystvie bespilotnym letatel'nym apparatam: monografiya [Countering
unmanned aerial vehicles: Monograph]. Saint Petersburg: Naukoemkie tekhnologii, 2020, 204 p.
8. Makarenko S.I., Timoshenko A.V. Analiz sredstv i sposobov protivodeystviya bespilotnym
letatel'nym apparatam. Ch. 2. Ognevoe porazhenie i fizicheskiy perekhvat [Analysis of means
and methods of countering unmanned aerial vehicles. Part 2. Fire damage and physical interception],
Sistemy upravleniya, svyazi i bezopasnosti [Control, communication and security systems],
2020, No. 1, pp. 147-197.
9. Rostopchin V.V. Udarnye bespilotnye letatel'nye apparaty i protivovozdushnaya oborona –
problemy i perspektivy protivostoyaniya [Shock unmanned aerial vehicles and air defense –
problems and prospects of confrontation], Bespilotnaya aviatsiya [Unmanned aviation], 2019.
Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331772628_Udarnye_bespilotnye_
letatelnye_apparaty_i_protivovozdusnaa_oborona_-problemy_i_perspektivy_protivostoania
(accessed 20 January 2022).
10. Skiba V.A., Kuz'min A.A. Analiz metodov i sredstv protivodeystviya bespilotnym letatel'nym
apparatam v interesakh Raketnykh voysk strategicheskogo naznacheniya [Analysis of methods
and means of countering unmanned aerial vehicles in the interests of Strategic Missile Forces],
Voennaya mysl' [Military thought], 2021, No. 11, pp. 104-114.
11. Eremin G.V., Gavrilov A.D., Nazarchuk I.I. Organizatsiya sistemy bor'by s malorazmernymi
BPLA [Organization of a system for combating small-sized UAVs], Arsenal Otechestva [Arsenal
of the Fatherland], 2014, No. 6 (14). Available at: http://arsenal-otechestva.ru/new/389-
antidrone (accessed 20 January 2022).
12. Timokhin A. Reshenie problemy «nasyshchayushchikh» atak PVO [Solving the problem of
"saturating" air defense attacks], Voennoe obozrenie [Military review], 2019. Available at:
https://topwar.ru/157073-reshenie-problemy-nasyschajuschih-atak-pvo-ono-est-i-nad-nimrabotajut.
html (accessed 20 January 2022).
13. Veremeenko S. Obnulenie tsifrovoy elektroniki [Zeroing digital electronics], Arsenal
Otechestva [Arsenal of the Fatherland], 2021, No. 1 (51), pp. 38-40.
14. Lopatkin D.V., Savchenko A.Yu., Solokha N.G. K voprosu o bor'be s takticheskimi
bespilotnymi letatel'nymi apparatami [On the issue of combating tactical unmanned aerial vehicles],
Voennaya mysl' [Military thought], 2014, No. 2, pp. 41-47.
15. Rossiyskie protivovertoletnye miny i zarubezhnaya reaktsiya [Russian anti-helicopter mines and
foreign reaction], Voennoe obozrenie [Military review]. Available at: https://topwar.ru/ 188195-
rossijskie-protivovertoletnie-miny-i-zarubezhnaja-reakcija.html (accessed 20 January 2022).
16. Kolibernov E.S., Kornev V.I., Soskov A.A. Spravochnik ofitsera inzhenernykh voysk [Handbook of
an officer of engineering troops], ed. by S.Kh. Aganova. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1989, 432 p.
17. MON-100. Available at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/MON-100 (accessed 20 January 2022).
18. MON-50. Available at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/MON-50 (accessed 20 January 2022).
19. Boevoy ustav po podgotovke i vedeniyu obshchevoyskovogo boya. Ch. 3. Vzvod, otdelenie,
tank [Combat regulations for the preparation and conduct of combined arms combat. Part 3.
Platoon, squad, tank]. Moscow: Voenizdat, 2005, 201 p.
20. Bodrov V.N., Prudnikov N.V., Pankov S.E. Mnogokanal'nye «smotryashchie» OES krugovogo
i sektornogo obzora s vysokim uglovym razresheniem i bystrodeystviem [Multichannel "looking"
OES of circular and sector survey with high angular resolution and speed], Tekhnologii i
materialy dlya ekstremal'nykh usloviy (prognoznye issledovaniya i innovatsionnye razrabotki):
Mater. vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii [Technologies and materials for extreme conditions
(predictive research and innovative developments). Materials of the All-Russian scientific
conference]. Zvenigorod: Mezhvedomstvennyy tsentr analiticheskikh issledovaniy v
oblasti fiziki, khimii i biologii pri Prezidiume RAN, 2018, pp. 324-337.
21. Mitrofanov D.G., Shishkov S.V. Innovatsionnyy podkhod k voprosu obnaruzheniya
malogabaritnykh bespilotnykh letatel'nykh apparatov [An innovative approach to the issue of
detecting small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles], Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki
[Izvestiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences], 2018, No. 1 (195), pp. 28-40.
22. AO «TSNII «Tsiklon». Produktsiya [JSC "Central Research Institute "Cyclone". Products].
Available at: http://cyclone.su/ (accessed 20 January 2022).
Published
2022-04-20
Issue
Section
SECTION I. PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS
