METHODS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE PREVENTION OF COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Abstract
Objective: to analyze electroencephalographic parameters in patients with hypertension and cognitive complaints receiving standard antihypertensive therapy, without concomitant cardiovas-cular disease, for the purpose of early diagnosis of brain damage as the main target organ in hy-pertension. Materials and methods: 135 people were examined (95 people with arterial hyperten-sion and 43 potentially healthy). The average age of patients is 63±8.2 years. As a result of the diagnosis, patients were distributed as follows: no cognitive impairment-82 people (60.7 %), mild cognitive impairment – 32 people (23.7 %), moderate cognitive impairment – 21 people (15.6 %). The studies were carried out on the apparatus "Encephalan-EEGR-19/26". Results: after the treatment, the majority of patients had a reduction of pre-reported complaints, an increase on the "Montreal scale" from 1 to 2 points, a decrease in anxiety and depression on the "Hospital scale", an increase in indices on SF-36. According to EEG data, there was an increase in the frequency of the main alpha rhythm and the total bioelectric power of the rhythm, the appearance of a pro-nounced spectral peak in the alpha range, a decrease in the power of the slow-wave rhythm in the anterior parts, which also indicates a positive dynamics that correlates with clinical data and test data. Conclusions: the study established the diagnostic value of quantitative processing of elec-troencephalogram (the frequency of the main rhythm, the power of the theta and Delta rhythms in the anterior parts, the total power of the b. e. a.), which suggest the need for additional therapy to standard antihypertensive treatment.
References
2. Komitet ekspertov Vserossiyskogo nauchnogo obshchestva kardiologov. Sektsiya arterial'noy gipertonii VNOK. Profilaktika, diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noy gipertenzii. Rossiyskie rekomendatsii (vtoroy peresmotr) [Committee of experts of the all-Russian scientific society of cardiologists. Section of arterial hypertension in the hospital. Prevention, diagnosis and treat-ment of arterial hypertension. Russian recommendations (second revision)]. Moscow, 2004.
3. Shmidt E.V., Lunev D.K., Vereshchagin N.V. Sosudistye zabolevaniya golovnogo i spinnogo mozga [Vascular diseases of the brain and spinal cord]. Moscow: Meditsina, 1976, pp. 231-234.
4. Makolkin V.I. TSerebral'nye oslozhneniya gipertonicheskoy bolezni v praktike terapevta [Cer-ebral complications of hypertension in the practice of a therapist], Lechashchiy vrach [Attend-ing doctor], 2009, No. 2.
5. Bolezni nervnoy sistemy [Diseases of the nervous system], ed. by Yakhno N.N., Shtul'mana D.R. Moscow: Meditsina, 2002, pp. 231-302.
6. How well is Hypertension controlled in Europe?, Europ Society of Hypertens Scient Newslet-ter, 2007, Vol. 8, No. 3.
7. Yakhno N.N. Kognitivnye rasstroystva v nevrologicheskoy klinike [Cognitive disorders in the neurological clinic], Nevrologicheskiy zhurnal [Neurological journal], 2006, No. 11. Appendix No. 1, pp. 4-12.
8. Zakharov V.V., Yakhno N.N. Vserossiyskaya programma izucheniya epidemiologii i terapii kognitivnykh rasstroystv v pozhilom vozraste [All-Russian program for the study of epidemi-ology and therapy of cognitive disorders in the elderly], Nevrologicheskiy zhurnal [Neurologi-cal journal], 2006, No. 2.
9. Oshchepkova E.V. Gipertonicheskaya entsefalopatiya: vozmozhnosti profilaktiki [Hypertonic encephalopathy: possibilities of prevention], Kardiologiya [Cardiology], 2003, No. 3.
10. Zateyshchikov D.A. Tromboliticheskaya terapiya tenekteplaznoy pri ostrom koronarnom sindrome v usloviyakh realizatsii sosudistoy programmy [Tenecteplase thrombolytic therapy in acute coronary syndrome in the context of implementation of cardiovascular program], Reperfuzionnaya terapiya [Reperfusion therapy], 2014, Vol. 12, No. 10, pp. 10-14.
11. Launer L.J., Masaki K., Petrovitch H., et all. The association between midlife blood pressure level and late–life cognitive function. The Honolulu–Asia Aging Study, JAMA, 1995, Vol. 274 (23), pp. 1846-1851.
12. Shishkova V.N. Narusheniya kognitivnykh funktsiy u bol'nykh s arterial'noy gipertenziey [Cognitive impairment in patients with arterial hypertension], Trudnyy patsient [Difficult pa-tient], 2014, No. 10, Vol. 12.
13. Vishneva E.M., Vishneva N.S. Prediktory razvitiya kognitivnoy disfunktsii u bol'nykh arterial'noy gipertenziey s tserebrovaskulyarnymi assotsiirovannymi klinicheskimi sostoyaniyami. Evraziyskiy Soyuz Uchenykh. PDF arkhiv [Predictors of the development of cognitive dysfunction in patients with arterial hypertension with cerebrovascular associated clinical conditions. Eurasian Union Of Scientists. PDF archive].
14. Gusev E.I., Skvortsova V.I. Ishemiya golovnogo mozga [Brain ischemia]. Moscow: Meditsina, 2001, 328 p.
15. Kizhevatova E.A., Omel'chenko V.P. Analiz bioelektricheskoy aktivnosti golovnogo mozga pri kognitivnykh narusheniyakh u bol'nykh entsefalopatiey [Analysis of bioelectric activity of the brain in cognitive disorders in patients with encephalopathy], Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki [Izvestiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences], 2014, No. 10 (159), pp. 69-77.
16. Shakhparonova N.V., Kadykov A.S. Khronicheskie sosudistye zabolevaniya golovnogo mozga: algoritm diagnostiki i lecheniya [Chronic vascular diseases of the brain: an algorithm for diag-nosis and treatment], Consilium Medicum, 2017, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 104-109.
17. Efremov V.V., Zalevskaya A.I., Efremov K.V. Obosnovanie vybora metoda EEG s kognitivnoy nagruzkoy dlya ranney diagnostiki sosudistogo i neyrodegenerativnogo kharaktera umerennykh kognitivnykh rasstroystv [Justification of the choice of EEG method with cogni-tive load for early diagnosis of vascular and neurodegenerative character of moderate cognitive disorders], Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya [Modern problems of science and ed-ucation], 2019, No. 1.
18. Zakharov V.V. Neyropsikhologicheskie testy. Neobkhodimost' i vozmozhnost' primeneniya [Neuropsychological tests. Necessity and possibility of application], Consilium Medicum, 2012, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 82-90.
19. Gurskaya O.E. Neyrofiziologicheskie mekhanizmy tserebro-vaskulyarnykh narusheniy funktsii golovnogo mozga i ikh patogeneticheskaya neyroprotektsiya: avtoref. diss. … d-ra med. nauk. [Neurophysiological mechanisms of cerebrovascular disorders of brain function and their pathogenetic neuroprotection: abstract: cand. of med. sc. diss.]. Saint Petersburg, 2018.
20. Gantsgorn E.V., Khloponin V.P., Maklyakov Yu.S. Pokazateli kolichestvennoy farmako – EEG pri ostroy ishemii golovnogo mozga i ikh dinamika v usloviyakh primeneniya nootropov [In-dicators of quantitative pharmaco-EEG in acute brain ischemia and their dynamics in the con-ditions of nootropics use], Meditsinskiy vestnik Yuga Rossii [Medical Bulletin of the South of Russia], 2014, No. 1, pp. 17-21.
