STUDY OF THE PROPAGATION OF LIGHT WITH A WAVELENGTH OF 1.3 ΜM IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL GaAs-BASED PHOTONIC CRYSTALS WITH A WAVEGUIDE–MICRORESONATOR CONFIGURATION
Abstract
Photon crystals are semiconductor structures characterized by a periodic variation of dielectric permittivity in space with a period comparable to the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. Interest in these structures is driven both by the importance of fundamental research into light-matter interactions and by the prospects for applying photonic crystals in optical integrated circuits and next-generation optoelectronic components. This paper presents the results of a study on the propagation patterns of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 1.3 μm in two-dimensional photonic crystals based on gallium arsenide (GaAs). The research is based on a numerical model using the Comsol Multiphysics 6.1 software package and includes an analysis of the electric field intensity distribution in complex photonic crystal structures consisting of a waveguide coupled to a hexagonal microcavity (microresonator) with various geometric parameters. The influence of a deliberately introduced defect radius in the waveguide region on the efficiency of radiation transmission into the resonator area also analyzed. For numerical analysis, methods for simulating the propagation of transverse electric waves in two-dimensional photonic crystals with a hexagonal lattice of air holes employed. The geometric parameters of the basic photonic crystal structure remained constant: the air hole radius was 209 nm, and the lattice period was 520 nm. The waveguide was formed by removing one row of air holes, while the microresonator was created by forming a hexagonal air cavity near the waveguide. To enhance the coupling efficiency between the waveguide and resonator, a defect in the form of an air hole with a variable radius was introduced into the structure. Analysis showed that maximum localization of the electromagnetic field in a hexagonal cavity with a diameter of 1.65 μm was achieved when the cavity was positioned two rows of air holes away from the waveguide. Increasing this distance resulted in a reduction of field intensity within the resonator. Introduction of the defect significantly enhanced energy transfer efficiency from the waveguide to the resonator. The highest integral electric field intensity in the resonator region was observed when the defect radius ranged from 246 to 290 nm. The obtained data can be used in the development of compact optical devices such as lasers, modulators, and switches based on photonic crystals
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REFERENCES
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4. Liu W. et al. 3-D Printed Directional Couplers in Circular Waveguide, IEEE Microw. Wirel. Components Lett., 2021, Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 561-564.
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pp. 3689-3703.
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