USING PROJECT PLANNING TOOLS: GANTT CHART AND NETWORK DIAGRAM
Abstract
An integrative model has been developed that combines calendar planning methods with software functionality (Excel, MS Project) for multi-level project optimization. Central focus is placed on three complementary methodologies: the Gantt chart, network diagram, and critical path analysis, which form the conceptual foundation for effective coordination of project processes. The study details the algorithm for creating a Gantt chart, which visualizes timeframes and task sequences, with emphasis on the functional capabilities of specialized software solutions, including Microsoft Project and Excel, enabling automated construction and adjustment of schedules. Further, the principles of constructing a network diagram, interpreted as a directed graph with edges (tasks) and vertices (events), are elaborated. This approach allows for identifying logical dependencies between project stages and determining the critical path – a sequence of operations with zero time reserves, defining the project’s minimum duration. Practical illustrations of critical path calculations are supported by examples demonstrating its role in optimizing time resources. A key aspect of the study is the analysis of time reserves, aimed at minimizing deadline risks through rational resource reallocation. The methodological framework is supplemented by visualization tools: resource requirement graphs and resource load diagrams, ensuring operational control over material and personnel assets across all project phases. The final element of the planning system is the calendar plan, which structures data on work titles, chronological intervals, and resource intensity. This document serves as an integrative foundation for synchronizing operational activities, ensuring adherence to established deadlines
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