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SYNTHESIS OF SOFTWARE AND INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF METHODS FOR VERIFICATION OF THE STATE OF MEDICAL BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS FOR A MEDICAL AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEM
А. V. Proskuryakov2022-05-26Abstract ▼This article describes the information and software for the implementation of various methods
for verifying the state of fragments of biological objects using computed tomographic images by the
decision support subsystem for the diagnosis of diseases. It is pointed out the current state of development
of medical diagnostic equipment, the equipment of which medical institutions of the country
and its non-operational accessibility to the population contributed to and led to the emergence and
active development of new directions in the field of radiation diagnostics, which include: digital and
film radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging. The article focuses on the
analysis of X-ray images, decision-making based on the analysis of these images, diagnosis based on
the decisions made. The advantages and disadvantages of radiography as a modern diagnostic method
are analyzed relative to their analogues. An important task in the analysis of radiographic images
of medical biological objects and their fragments is to solve the problem of image quality improvement.
In order to improve the quality of X-ray images and increase their informativeness, an algorithm
has been developed and the software of the software subsystem of the medical automated information
system for their correction and analysis has been implemented. The article discusses the
implementation of solving problems of diagnosis of diseases, such as: analysis of radiographic images,
decision-making based on the analysis of these images, diagnosis based on the decisions made by
developing and applying software and information support for the implementation of methods for
verifying the state of fragments of biological objects as effective methods for diagnosing the state of
paranasal sinuses by their radiographic and computed tomographic images. The main methods underlying
verification by X-ray and computed tomography images are described. A detailed analysis
of the implementation of mathematical models of diagnostic methods in the form of algorithms implemented
by software for the functioning of the decision support subsystem of a medical automated
information system is given. Examples of practical implementation of software and information support
for verification methods of medical objects in the form of screen forms for working with fragments
of the object under study and the results of the analysis of radiographic images are shown.
This makes it possible to increase the efficiency, accuracy of verification of the state of medical biological
objects, the reliability of the disease diagnosis process. The scientific novelty, the results of
the approbation of the material presented in the article at international, All-Russian conferences,
scientific journals are shown. -
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING BIG LANGUAGE MODELS FOR MONITORING TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS AND DETERMINING DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-TECH ENTERPRISES
А. М. Belevtsev , А.А. Belevtsev , V.А. Balyberdin47-582025-12-30Abstract ▼In modern times some foreign countries pay a great attention at the development and using in military field the netcentric conception of control (NCC). The conception defines the architecture of operations as a composition of three network structures: reconnaissance, information control and destruction. The analyses made show that the great part in the network structure of reconnaissance play the radar systems and complexes (RSC). It is pointed out that at present the great efforts are made to realize a new quality RSC on the base of new technologies in nanoelectronics, MEMS/NEMS, nanomaterials, large information networks. That is why the predictions for ways to new technologies constructing of perspective RSC for military objectives is of great interest. The paper deals with some problems connected to the estimations certainty when technological trends and technologies are analyzed. The study is made on the example of radar complexes (RC) in NSS. The procedure for hierarchy criterions system forming is suggested, the bystages priority vector analyses are made on the example of technological trends and technologies developments for sensor greed of NSS. It has been known that the availability of the criterions interrelations reciprocal of the technological trends can made errors for estimations constructed: in vectors priorities estimations; in roadcarts constructing for radar part of NSS. It is recognized that to raise the certainty requires the priorities estimation in the common schematic for technological trends and technologies on the base of analytical networks method.
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TO ESTIMATION OF ATTRACTION AREA OF EQUILIBRIUM IN NONLINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS
Almashaal Mohammad Jalal6-142025-07-31Abstract ▼Designing nonlinear control systems is still difficult, so many researchers are trying to find
some useful ways and methods to solve this problem. As a result of such research, some methods
have been seen trying to design a good enough control system for nonlinear plants. But a disadvantage
of these methods is the complexity, so it created a need to compare some methods to determine
which one is the easiest method to design a control system for nonlinear plants. It was
found a way to compare two methods, which is comparing the regions of initial conditions of the systems which are designed using these methods. Two analytical nonlinear control systems design
methods are compared on the example of the design control systems mobile robots. The algebraic
polynomial-matrix method uses a quasilinear model, and the feedback linearization method uses
particular feedback. Both considered methods give a bounded domain of equilibrium attraction,
therefore the obtained control systems can be operated only with bounded initial conditions. The
numerical example of designing the control systems for one object by these methods and the estimates
of the attraction areas of the system’s equilibriums in these systems are given in the paper.
As a result of this paper, it was found that using the algebraic polynomial-matrix method will get a
bigger section of initial conditions of the plant’s variable than the same section which is given by
the feedback linearization method. -
STOCHASTIC DYNAMIC MODEL OF UNDERWATER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK BASED ON LOUVAIN CLUSTERING ALGORITHM
А.М. Maevsky , V.А. Ryzhov , Т. А. Fedorova , I. V. Kozhemyakin , N.М. Burov62-812025-07-24Abstract ▼Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) play an important role in monitoring ocean processes, underwater navigation, environmental control and security. However, underwater environment features such as high signal attenuation, limited energy resources and changing network topology create significant challenges in organizing efficient data transmission. To optimize network operation and extend its service life, a clustering method is used to group nodes, reduce the load on communication channels and improve energy efficiency. However, in the event of network node failure, static clustering becomes ineffective, which requires the implementation of dynamic reclustering. The procedure of redistributing node roles and rebuilding the network topology allows maintaining communication stability and minimizing data losses, taking into account the energy balance of the entire network as a whole. This paper examines modern approaches to clustering and reclustering in UWSNs taking into account the energy balance, node failure probability and interference in the transmission medium. The development of adaptive UWSN control methods is an urgent task aimed at increasing the reliability, energy efficiency and durability of underwater communication networks. The article presents a stochastic cross-level model for dynamic three-dimensional PBSNs of arbitrary topology. The model uses a new clustering/reclustering technique based on the Louvain algorithm, a routing protocol built on the Dijkstra method, and a time-domain management (TDMA) method. The proposed PBSN operating model is the basis for the developed simulation complex, which allows assessing the efficiency and reliability of the network, taking into account the loss of connectivity and vulnerabilities for PBSNs of various scales and purposes. As part of the research, a parametric analysis of systematic calculations of the PBSN functional characteristics was performed. The results of the analysis showed that the proposed simulation model provides an increase in the autonomous network operation time and a decrease in the number of lost messages compared to the models of other authors
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MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION AND CALCULATION OF SCATTERING CHARACTERISTICS IN FREQUENCY SELECTIVE PRINTED ANTENNA RADOME
A.O. Kasyanov2021-02-13Abstract ▼Mathematical model of multilayered printed frequency selective surfaces with dielectric covers
is presented in this paper. The model is built on the suggestion of array infinity and perfect
conductivity of microstrip elements. Such printed structures can be used as frequency selective
surface and as covers with controllable characteristics (for example tunable filters, adaptive radar
cover, electronically switched polarizers). Full-wave analysis is executed by the integral equation
method. The numerical solution of an integral equation has been obtained by Galerkin’s method.
Unknown distribution of surface magnetic currents has been approximated by roof-top basic functions.
The generalized scattering matrix method was used for simulation of multilayered printed
frequency selective surface. The paper presents the compound algorithm which combines the integral
equation method with the method of generalized scattering matrix. A lot of numerical examples
are presented proving the algorithm effectiveness. By means of this model there were synthesized
multilayer frequency selective surface as periodic arrays of the printed elements, which have
arbitrary shape of reradiators. It is known, that the printed elements of special shape ensure, as
rejecting and as transacting of electromagnetic waves in the given frequencies, and have neglected
angular sensitivity. The results of constructive synthesis of printed frequency selective surfaces as
rejecting or transmitting filters, which have neglected angular sensitivity, are represented in paper.
Such an algorithm is rather flexible and multiple repeats the basic problem solution. It makes
the procedure of computer code preparing much more effective and do not require to change the
problem decision itself. -
ORGANIZATION OF GOAL-DIRECTED MOVEMENTS OF VEHICLES USING VISUAL LANDMARKS
S.M. Sokolov, N.D. Beklemishev, А. А. Boguslavsky2021-04-04Abstract ▼The report considers the solution of the navigation problem with the help of a technical vision
system that determines the position of the mobile vehicle relative to the landmarks indicated
in the surrounding space. Navigation by landmarks is the most objective criterion for the location
of a mobile vehicle in the surrounding space. The method of measuring the parameters of the ratios
that characterize the location of the mobile vehicle relative to the landmarks is almost independent
of other navigation measurements. Data input for correcting coordinates and other motion
parameters can be performed not continuously, but at some discrete, and, in general, quite
rare moments of time. The general scheme of the solution is considered: from setting up, to receiving
navigation information. The integration of the obtained data with data from other navigation
tools is briefly described, and the key problems and parameters of the VS that affect the accuracy
of the obtained results are analyzed. The key point in this method is the solution of a system of
equations describing the position of robotic complexes relative to the specified landmarks. This
system is solved by a modified Gauss-Newton method for a nonlinear redefined system of equations.
By replacing the left side of each equation with its differential at the point of initial approximation,
linearization is performed. The values of the unknowns in the redefined system of linear
equations for which the sum of the squared residuals in the equations is minimal can be obtained
either by the SVD (singular value decomposition) method or by using the system's symmetrization.
At the same time, SVD is more resistant to the accumulation of computational error, but it is
somewhat more demanding on computer resources and more difficult to implement. We used the
symmetrization solution as a simpler one. The resulting system is solved by the square root
(Cholesky) method. To detect landmarks in the VS, two types of VS modules are used – panoramic,
based on a camera with a fish-eye lens, and stereo. The proposed method allows us to solve the
problem of clarifying the parameters of motion by separate, sparse measurements of the proper
position and speed relative to landmarks in the surrounding space. Independently and in combination
with other navigation tools, the described approach provides high-precision determination of
navigation parameters in various driving conditions. The results of field experiments with the
model of the proposed system in motion under various conditions are described. The ways of improvement
and development of the considered approach are discussed. -
INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF COMPLEX FIRE CONDITIONS ON THE QUALITY OF SURVEILLANCE AND FLIGHT SAFETY OF UAVS
M.I. Mokrova2021-04-04Abstract ▼Aviation monitoring of fires with the help of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in particular,
forest ones, during which the search for various objects of interest is carried out: people, cars,
etc., is one of the most effective measures to reduce the level of possible losses. In this paper, we
consider approaches to the formation of algorithms for processing and improving images obtained
in the process of monitoring the fire situation, based on the use of neural networks, as well as
image filtering algorithms, in order to search for various objects of interest. Fire monitoring using
an UAV is a two-criteria task: there is a need to protect the device from the thermal effects of the
fire as much as possible, as well as to maximize the observability, which can be achieved by reducing
the altitude of the flight. This paper presents the empirical models developed by the authors for
the flight safety of an unmanned aerial vehicle and the observability of objects of interest in the
process of monitoring the fire situation. The proposed models allow us to take into account the
features of the monitoring conditions, such as the priority of detecting the object of interest to the
security of the reconnaissance vehicle itself, air humidity, terrain and type of terrain, time of day,
and so on. An example of the application of the contrast model is considered on the example of the
search and detection of the "letter"label. On the basis of the conducted experiment on the recognition
of the mark in the smoke, the analysis of the proposed models is carried out, the quantitative
results are given. The paper describes the criteria for the optimal choice of the altitude of the
flight of the device over the observed scene, which are formed on the basis of the base of expert
assessments, as well as the proposed models of the observability and safety of the UAV flight. Depending
on the target search task, the optimality criterion for choosing the UAV flight altitude
over the observed scene may vary. -
AIRCRAFT FLIGHT PATH PREDICTION UNDER COMPLETE PARAMETRIC UNCERTAINTY
V.V. Kosyanchuk, V.V. Glasov, E.Y. Zybin, Liguo Tan2021-04-04Abstract ▼Most of the methods for predicting the behavior of dynamic systems are based on the information
about the parameters of their mathematical models. However, the problems of
nonstationarity, nonlinearity and nonidentifiability of models of real complex systems lead to the
fact that traditional parametric methods are applicable in practice only when the parameters and
structure of models of systems are reliably known, and the uncertainties in the formulation of the
problem are significantly limited. The article describes an original nonparametric method for
predicting the aircraft flight path under absence of a priori information about the parameters of its
mathematical flight dynamics model. The proposed method, unlike similar widely known ones,
does not use logical or statistical calculations and does not require its preliminary training or
long-term tuning. It is based only on the basis of a retrospective analysis of several sequential
values of the spatial coordinates of the aircraft and its control signals, therefore it is not subject to
model errors and can be used to predict the flight path of the aircraft under complete parametric
uncertainty, even in the case of non-identifiability of its flight dynamics model. The results of numerical
simulation of the solution to the problem of predicting the flight path of an unmanned
aerial vehicle of the most common type of quadrocopter under complete uncertainty in parameters
of its mathematical model are presented. The results obtained confirm the efficiency of the developed
method and show high performances of the accuracy of solving the problem and the speed of
tuning the algorithm. The described approach can be used to predict the motion path of any other
vehicle (car, ship, etc.), if its model is linearizable over the observed time interval and there is
information about its control signals. Practical implementation of the described nonparametric
method together with traditional parametric ones will improve the accuracy of flight path predicting
and solve the problem of high-precision landing of an unmanned aerial vehicle on an actively
maneuvering ship, and specifically in the event of various critical situations. -
DETERMINATION OF THE COORDINATES OF RADIATION SOURCES IN PASSIVE RADARS BY THE AMPLITUDE METHOD
V.D. Syten'kij, I.I. Markovich, Е. Е. Zavtur2021-04-04Abstract ▼An amplitude method for determining the radiation sources coordinates in passive radar is
considered. An algorithm for calculating the coordinates of radiation sources in the passive mode
of radar stations based on the reception of electromagnetic oscillations regularly damped in space
by antennas in a collinear arrangement is synthesized. The mathematical relationships necessary
to determine the coordinates of the target are obtained by solving the corresponding triangles
formed by the antenna bases and the target. This made it possible to determine the location of the
radiation source (target) by the point of intersection of the hyperbolas with the foci at the locations
of the receiving antennas. Analytical expressions are given for determining the coordinates
of targets in Cartesian and polar coordinate systems. The error analysis of the proposed algorithm
was carried out taking into account the method of indirect measurements. The case of uniform
distribution of noise over space, additively related to the signal and uncorrelated with it, is investigated.
The formula for the root-mean-square deviation of the target range is obtained. The results
of calculations of estimates of the absolute errors in determining the location of the radiation
source, which depend on its location on the plane and show that the absolute error in determining
the location of the radiation source, is minimal near the origin and increases with distance from it,
are presented. Synthesized and investigated algorithm, due to the simplicity of the hardware implementation,
can be used in passive location systems both independently and in addition to the
widely used differential rangefinder method based on measuring the mutual time delays of the
received signals. -
DEVELOPMENT OF A HYBRID METHOD FOR PLANNING THE MOVEMENT OF A GROUP OF MARINE ROBOTIC COMPLEXES IN AN A PRIORI UNKNOWN ENVIRONMENT WITH OBSTACLES
А.М. Maevsky, R.O. Morozov, А. Е. Gorely, V.A. Ryzhov2021-04-04Abstract ▼The article discusses the problem of organizing the group movement of marine robotics
(MRS), in particular, unmanned autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV), in an a priori unknown
environment with obstacles. A brief analysis of existing projects on the subject of MRS group control,
and path-planning algorithms have been carried out. The presence of numerous studies in
this area confirms the relevance of the indicated problem. The formal statement of the problem of
the movement of four robots in formation is presented. The proposed method for a group path
planning is based on a combined approach that organizes a multi-level solution to organizing the
movement of MRS. At the upper level, a system for global path planning and mission control was
developed based on the random tree method, which provides the general movement of the group
based on a priori information about the state of the environment. The lower-level planning system
adjusts the global path, allowing objects at the local level to carry out the group agents’ movement
and interaction, including ensuring their collision-free movement in environment and exit from the
areas of local minima. The article provides a detailed analytical description of the developed algorithm
and a block diagram of its functioning. Numerical simulation of the movement of a group
of 4 AUVs in a non-deterministic environment with fixed obstacles is carried out. The simulation
was carried out taking into account obstacles of various shapes and complexity. The results of
mathematical modeling demonstrated the solution to the problem of the exit of the AUV group
from the area of the local minimum. Full-scale tests are presented on the example of a group of
three unmanned boats: a group of mobile objects formed a formation and carried out a movement
in a given formation to target positions and returned to the final zone. In addition, the local planning
module developed within the framework of this article was integrated into the software of the
"Shadow" underwater glider control system. In the conclusion, the results of the proposed method
and its further development, in particular, its application in 3D environment, are considered. -
RESULTS OF NUMERICAL STUDY OF SCATTERING CHARACTERISTICS IN ANTENNA RADOMES BASED ON METAL-DIELECTRIC GRATINGS
А. О. Kasyanov2021-07-18Abstract ▼Mathematical model of multilayered printed frequency selective surfaces with dielectric covers
is presented in this paper. The model is built on the suggestion of array infinity and perfect
conductivity of microstrip elements. Such printed structures can be used as frequency selective
surface and as covers with controllable characteristics (for example tunable filters, adaptive radar
cover, electronically switched polarizers). Full-wave analysis is executed by the integral equation
method of electromagnetics. The numerical solution of an integral equation has been obtained by
Galerkin’s method. Unknown distribution of surface magnetic currents has been approximated by
roof-top basic functions. The generalized scattering matrix method was used for simulation of
multilayered printed frequency selective surface. The paper presents the compound algorithm
which combines the integral equation method with the method of generalized scattering matrix. A
lot of numerical examples are presented proving the algorithm effectiveness. By means of this
model there were synthesized multilayer frequency selective surface as periodic arrays of the
printed elements, which have arbitrary shape of reradiators. It is known, that the printed elements
of special shape ensure, as rejecting and as transacting of electromagnetic waves in the given
frequencies, and have neglected angular sensitivity. The results of constructive synthesis of printed
frequency selective surfaces as rejecting or transmitting filters, which have neglected angular
sensitivity, are represented in paper. Such an algorithm is rather flexible and multiple repeats the
basic problem solution. It makes the procedure of computer code preparing much more effective
and do not require to change the problem decision itself. -
THE MODIFICATION OF THE IDEAL POINT METHOD IN THE NORMALIZATION AND HARMONIZATION OF CONTENT IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS
N.K. Zhukov, V.A. Mordvinov, А.А. Ruslyakov2021-12-24Abstract ▼The article discusses the developed authorized methodology based on the Ideal Point Method
using the Pareto set, which makes it possible to look from modern technological positions at the
features of information interaction for evaluating activities and regulating inter-agent interactions,
which was the basis for the discipline updates of the Russian Technological University proposed
with the participation of the authors ( MIREA), Institute of Information Technologies, Department
of Instrumental and Applied Software "Information Management of Systems" of the
fourth year of the bachelor's degree program 09.03.04 "Software Engineering" (specializing in
"Software Development and Design of Information Systems"). The main advantages of the Ideal
Point Method using the Pareto set are described. The mathematical description of the Pareto set
and the Ideal Point Method is presented. The use of the modernized method makes it possible to
improve the indicators of emergence in the process of improving educational programs, connecting
and reconstructing their modules and inter-agent interactions between them. An example of
the implementation of the modified method in the information system is shown, from the point of
view of standardization and harmonization of educational content. This article includes an introduction,
a formal formulation of the problem, designed to solve an urgent problem considered in
the dissertations of the authors, a review of existing approaches in this method, a description of
the proposed multi-agent solution to the problem using a mathematical model, an implementation
algorithm, a description of the application of the proposed approach in relation to the task scheduling
process, and a conclusion ... The main advantages of this technique include the choice of
criteria that surpass others in terms of a set of features; this method assumes the creation of an
"ideal object", that is, a certain solution option that can be taken as the best possible solution. It is
assumed that the procedure for selecting a superior object consists of several steps, the formation
of an "ideal object", determination for each object of the multi-criteria distance to the "ideal object",
analysis of the set of objects for proximity to the "ideal object", exclusion of objects from the
initial set, which are deliberately recognized unsuccessful, as well as obtaining a reduced set of
admissible objects; assessment of the reduced set of feasible objects for emergence indicators of
the solution found. -
MULTIPHYSICS SIMULATION IN ANSYS CFX AND SYSTEM COUPLING OF HEAT TRANSFER INSIDE HERMRTIC CASE OF STRAPDOWN INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM
А.А. Medeltsev, P. А. Shapovalov, М. V. Voronov, А. I. Polukhina, P.N. Sigaleva, А.V. Frolov2022-04-21Abstract ▼The article presents a numerical simulation of non-stationary convective-conductive heat
transfer of the strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS), developed in the JSC «CNIIAG».
The numerical simulation is carried out in the ANSYS Mechanical. The aim of the study is a comprehensive
analysis of heat exchange processes, which are characteristic to the device operation,
including mutual spatial influence of thermal powers on each other, as well as on the block of
sensitive elements. The simulation of heat transfer inside the hermetic case of the SINS is carried out for critical operating conditions in a strongly and weakly coupled consideration with a comparison
of both approaches. ANSYS Mechanical, CFX and System Coupling simulation modules
are chosen for program implementation of each approach. The k-e model of air turbulence with
implicit consideration of the effect in the boundary layers and diffusion correction in shear flows is
chosen for this approach. External heat exchange with ambient air is considered by setting convective
boundary conditions on the external surfaces of the SINS, considering their orientation.
To obtain numerical values of the heat transfer coefficients, the orientation of each surface in
space is taken into account by using the appropriate coefficient. The presence of irregularities on
the surfaces of the SINS in the contacts between solid components is considered by using the calculation
of thermal resistances of the actual contact and intercontact layer. The simulation results
of deformed state of SINS structural system, resulting from the action of a non-symmetric thermal
field, is presented. The analysis of the obtained graphs is carried out. Stiffness indicators of the
SINS structural system is defined as angles of deviation of sensitivity axes caused by thermal deformations.
The obtained results make it possible to evaluate the engineering solutions for the
quality of heat removal from the elements of the PCBs, bypassing the sensitive elements of the
device, adopted at the stage of product layout. -
ON THE ACCURACY AND COMPLEXITY OF THE MULTI-STAGE METHOD FOR CORRECTING DISTORTED TEXTS DEPENDING ON THE DEGREE OF DISTORTION
D.V. Vakhlakov, V. А. Peresypkin, А.V. Germanovich, S.Y. Melnikov, N.N. Copkalo130-1422021-10-05Abstract ▼One of the main factors that significantly complicate the understanding, translation and analysis of texts obtained by automatic recognition of speech or images of texts is the presence of distortions in the form of erroneous symbols, words and phrases. Until recently, there were no effective software tools for correcting texts with significant distortions, although this task is rele-vant both for Russian and other common languages in the context of the active use of recognition systems in advanced augmented reality systems. The authors proposed a new multi-stage method for correcting distorted texts, which significantly increases the accuracy of the correction (in terms of the number of correctly corrected words in the text) and is based on the sequential detec-tion of errors and their correction. In this paper, we evaluate the accuracy and computational complexity of the proposed method for correcting distorted texts at various levels of distortion, and determine its place among other modern approaches to correction. The most typical errors of recognition systems are: – replacing a word with a similar sound or graphic spelling; – replacing several words with one; – replacing one word with several; – omission of words; – insertion or deletion of short words (including prepositions and conjunctions). As a result of recognition, a distorted text is obtained, which consists mainly of dictionary words, even in places of distortion. With a large number of distortions, the texts become almost unreadable. Due to the fact that it is problematic to select texts with a wide range of distortion levels in the required amount based on the results of real machine recognition of speech and images of texts, software modeling of distor-tions was used. A text distortion technique has been proposed and implemented that simulates the results of recognition systems in a wide range of distortions; distorted texts have been prepared in the required amount. Within the framework of the proposed multi-stage correction method, non-dictionary word forms and words are considered distorted if the probability of their occurrence in the text in accordance with the chosen language model is less than a given threshold. For such distorted words, a list of possible variants of words is built, which includes only those word forms from the dictionary that are at a certain Levenshtein distance from the word under study. The cor-rected text from the tables of word variants is obtained by searching for the most probable chain of word forms. The correction method consists of several stages, at each stage only those frag-ments of the text that remain distorted after the previous stage are corrected. According to the results of the experiments on the correction of distorted texts, it was concluded that the proposed correction method showed good results with an average value of F-measure >50 % in the distor-tion range from 0 to 75 %. Linguistic experts confirmed the fruitfulness of the proposed approach to correction and its preference over other modern approaches, fixing that with a level of distor-tion of up to 50 % of words, the corrected text is read with much less effort than a distorted one, and with a level of distortion of up to 70% of words, the corrected text also allows you to highlight useful information about the content
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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING IN A PASSIVE MULTI-POSITION RADAR, CREATED ON THE BASIS OF THE UAV GROUPING
I.I. Markovich, Е.Е. Zavtur, А.I. Panychev6-172025-08-04Abstract ▼The expediency of creating a passive multi-position radar based on a grouping of unmanned aerial vehicles is substantiated. The variant of building of such radar is proposed, the main tech-nical problems of the sonar developing are evaluated and possible ways to overcome them are considered. It is shown that for detecting aerial targets and determining their coordinates from the radio emission of on-board equipment, the difference-rangefinder method is the most promis-ing as it does not depend on signal modulation and is potentially resistant to interference. For small-sized UAV for transmitting information over open radio channels, the typical frequency ranges are 2.4 and 5.0 GHz. A block diagram of a passive multi-position radar has been devel-oped, including digital shapers of the quadrature components of the received signal, blocks for detecting and determining the coordinates of the target. The main parameters are calculated and analytical expressions of digital signal processing algorithms for detecting and determining the coordinates of the target are given. A stroboscopic effect is used in the digital quadrature compo-nent shaper, which allows for bandpass signals to select the sampling frequency not by the upper boundary frequency of the spectrum, but by its width, which significantly reduces the requirements for the performance of the ADC and the DSP devices following it. The complex envelopes of the detected signals are generated by the method of digital generation in the time domain using digital low-frequency filters. The detection of signals is performed by an energy detector, the advantages of which are simplicity of implementation and operability in the absence of a priori information about the received signal. To determine the coordinates of the radio source, signal delays are calculated between pairs of signals received by three UAV from a multi-position radar, which are determined by the maximum modulo values of the mutual correlation functions of the signals in these pairs. It is shown that the proposed algorithms are well adapted to the processing of possible sources of radio emission on board small-sized UAV. It is established that the required perfor-mance of the radar computer for real-time operation does not exceed 84.62 GFLOPS. The design of an on-board antenna module of a passive multi-position radar in the form of a microstrip re-configurable antenna, tunable in frequency and polarization, is proposed.
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ANALYTICAL REDUNDANCY IN THE AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM OF AN AIRCRAFT TURBOJET BYPASS ENGINE BASED ON OPTIMAL OBSERVERS
А. А. Inozemtsev, А.S. Pleshivykh, I.N. Gribkov, А.N. Sazhenkov, N.G. Lamanova2022-05-26Abstract ▼An analytical redundancy in the automatic control system of a bypass turbojet engine
(ACS turbofan engine) based on optimal observers is proposed. This article is based on previously
obtained results in previous author's works and is a generalization and analysis of these results in
order to develop a methodology for improving the fault tolerance of ACS turbofan engines. This
method is based on the use of optimal observers: the Kalman filter and the Yazvinsky filter, consistent
with the mathematical model of the ACS turbofan engine. The analysis of the mathematical model of
the ACS was carried out using the least squares method in a moving window. The accuracy of identification
of the mathematical model and the required delay time are ensured by optimizing the width
of the moving window. Estimated with the help of optimal observers, the output vector of the ACS
turbofan engine includes the following parameters: the rotor speed of the low-pressure compressor
rotor nв, the rotor speed of the high-pressure compressor nk, the air pressure behind the highpressure
compressor PK, the gas temperature behind the low-pressure turbine TT. When modeling the
Kalman filter, a correlation analysis of the input signals was preliminarily carried out. The rationale
for the advantage of the adaptive Yazvinsky filter compared to the Kalman filter is given. The results
of mathematical modeling of the algorithmic method of reserving the measurement channel of the
ACS turbofan engine based on the data of flight tests of a bypass engine of the PS-90A type as part of
the main narrow-body aircraft TU-214 both in stationary and transient modes are presented. Statistical
analysis of errors in estimation of the output vector of ACS turbofan engines based on the Kalman
and Yazvinsky filter has been carried out. It is shown that the proposed analytical redundancy algorithm
ensures the fulfillment of the requirements for the accuracy and stability of estimates of the
output vector of ACS turbofan engines when using the Yazvinsky filter and can be recommended for
use in advanced ACS turbofan engines. Based on the results proposed redundancy method, a direction
for further research has been formed. -
STUDY OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THIN LAYERS OF ZINC OXIDE ZnO OBTAINED BY THE SOL-GEL METHOD
U.А. Maryina, D.L. Gazdinsky, О.М. Chapura, L. V. Mikhnev, Е.А. Bondarenko, R. V. Pigulev136-1442025-08-01Abstract ▼Currently, the actual direction is the search for functional layers for various optoelectronic
devices. A promising candidate as a basis for many such structures is zinc oxide (ZnO), which
combines a number of unique optical and photoelectric properties. However, the characteristics of
ZnO thin films can vary significantly depending on the chosen synthesis method and specific production
conditions. One of the varieties of the sol-gel method suitable for the synthesis of
nanoscale films is the dip-coating method. The paper presents the results of the synthesis of thin
films of zinc oxide on glass substrates by the method of vertical drawing from ZnO alcohol sol.
The effect of the elongation rate on the structural and optical properties of synthesized ZnO films
was studied using spectral ellipsometry and spectral photometry. By the method of spectral
ellipsometry, it was found that the change in the rate of elongation significantly affects the thickness
and porosity of the synthesized zinc oxide layers. The analysis of the obtained dependence of
the film thickness on the pulling speed showed that in the vertical pulling method, the growth of
zinc oxide on glass substrates can be realized in two modes: in capillary forces mode and in drying
mode. At the same time, transmission spectra were measured for synthesized ZnO films by
spectral photometry, the analysis of which showed the effect of the elongation rate on the position
of the edge of fundamental absorption. It was found that the main cause of the resulting. -
STUDY OF PATH PLANNING METHODS IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL MAPPED ENVIRONMENTS
М. Y. Medvedev, V.K. Pshikhopov, D.О. Brosalin, B.V. Gurenko, М.А. Vasileva, Hamdan Nizar2022-08-09Abstract ▼The article studies the problem of motion planning in two-dimensional mapped environments.
The review and analysis of known planning algorithms based on Voronoi diagrams, probabilistic
road maps, rapidly growing random trees, Dijkstra algorithms, A*, D* and their modifications, artificial
potential fields and intelligent heuristics are carried out. Based on the analysis, it is concluded
that classical methods in dynamic environments require significant costs in terms of calculation time
and the amount of memory used. The conclusion is made about the relevance of the development of
algorithms that increase the efficiency of known planning methods. In this regard, this article is devoted
to the development of a modified algorithm of rapidly growing random trees and the study of its
effectiveness in comparison with known methods. The article presents a modified algorithm for rapidly
growing random trees, characterized in that when checking for a path to a new potential node of
the tree, the path to some area near the specified node is checked. This reduces the number of nodes
in the tree under construction. The developed algorithm is first compared with the traditional algorithm
of fast-growing random trees. The comparison is made by the trajectory calculation time, the
amount of memory required, the path length and the percentage of situations in which the trajectory
to the target point was successfully found. Next, the developed algorithm is compared with the planning
algorithms of other classes. The study uses representative samples of numerical experiments and
various environments that differ in the density of obstacles and the presence of mazes. A study of
planning algorithms using the results of experiments on a ground-based wheeled robot is also being
conducted. Based on the results of numerical and real experiments, conclusions are drawn about the
advantages and disadvantages of the developed algorithm of motion planning and the feasibility of its
application in various environments. -
METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF PLM-SYSTEMS IN THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF A MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISE
P.А. Voronin, А.М. Belevtsev, F.G. Sadreev6-152022-11-01Abstract ▼As part of the transition to the sixth technological order, the question of effective implementation of the digital transformation of the enterprise is acute for industrial enterprises. To do this, enterprises need to ensure the transition to process management, automate business processes and integrate all processes, applications and data on a single platform. There is a problem of choosing a way to combine information flows between various software tools in the enterprise, one of the solutions is the use of a PLM system. With a discrete type of production, their use is difficult due to the large number of software solutions in the main, organizational, supporting and business development processes. In this regard, it is necessary to determine the optimal system that would meet all the necessary criteria for building a single platform for a "seamless" production process. There are a large number of PLM systems on the market that implement a certain number of functional appointments. The choice of a PLM system should be based on the satisfaction of an interconnected set of enterprise requirements, which are determined based on business processes. This will eliminate most unsuitable software solutions. At the same time, a PLM system that has the widest functionality may not meet the requirements for creating a system for ensuring integration with business process automation systems, as well as economic, social, political and other requirements. Therefore, an individual list of criteria is compiled for each enterprise in accordance with the field of activity, the type of production, the availability of various software, the existing level of automation and other parameters. The article proposes a methodology for choosing PLM systems for a radio-electronic engineering enterprise, based on the analysis of business processes and determining the requirements of the enterprise, monitoring and determining the functional purposes of PLM systems and determining the optimal option based on the hierarchy analysis method. Obtaining an integrated assessment of certain criteria and software solutions options will allow an objective choice of the optimal PLM system for a particular enterprise. The use of the methodology will speed up and improve the quality of the PLM system selection process for a certain enterprise in the conditions of transition to the sixth technological order and industry 4.0.
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METHODS AND ALGORITHMS FOR TEXT DATA CLUSTERING (REVIEW)
V.V. Bova, Y.A. Kravchenko, S.I. Rodzin2022-11-01Abstract ▼The article deals with one of the important tasks of artificial intelligence – machine processing
of natural language. The solution of this problem based on cluster analysis makes it possible
to identify, formalize and integrate large amounts of linguistic expert information under conditions
of information uncertainty and weak structure of the original text resources obtained from
various subject areas. Cluster analysis is a powerful tool for exploratory analysis of text data,
which allows for an objective classification of any objects that are characterized by a number of
features and have hidden patterns. A review and analysis of modern modified algorithms for agglomerative
clustering CURE, ROCK, CHAMELEON, non-hierarchical clustering PAM, CLARA
and the affine transformation algorithm used at various stages of text data clustering, the effectiveness
of which is verified by experimental studies, is carried out. The paper substantiates the
requirements for choosing the most efficient clustering method for solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of intellectual processing of linguistic expert information. Also, the paper considers
methods for visualizing clustering results for interpreting the cluster structure and dependencies
on a set of text data elements and graphical means of their presentation in the form of
dendograms, scatterplots, VOS similarity diagrams, and intensity maps. To compare the quality of
the algorithms, internal and external performance metrics were used: "V-measure", "Adjusted
Rand index", "Silhouette". Based on the experiments, it was found that it is necessary to use a
hybrid approach, in which, for the initial selection of the number of clusters and the distribution of
their centers, use a hierarchical approach based on sequential combining and averaging the characteristics
of the closest data of a limited sample, when it is not possible to put forward a hypothesis
about the initial number of clusters. Next, connect iterative clustering algorithms that provide
high stability with respect to noise features and the presence of outliers. Hybridization increases
the efficiency of clustering algorithms. The research results showed that in order to increase the
computational efficiency and overcome the sensitivity when initializing the parameters of clustering
algorithms, it is necessary to use metaheuristic approaches to optimize the parameters of the
learning model and search for a global optimal solution. -
THEORETICAL STUDY OF ESTIMATING THE PROBABILITY OF A CONNECTION IN SYSTEMS WITH BROADBAND SIGNALS AND FHSS
D.I. Konkov , А. А. Schmidt , D.N. Polyakov , V.R. Bikbulatov285-2942025-07-24Abstract ▼The article is devoted to a theoretical study of the probabilistic characteristics of communication systems with broadband signals and pseudorandom tuning of the operating frequency in a complex electromagnetic environment. An analytical tool for calculating the communication probability is presented, taking into account the complex effects of multipath propagation, frequency-selective fading, and intentional interference. The dependence of the communication probability on the signal-to-noise ratio is investigated using integral expressions that take into account the normal power distribution at the input of the receiving device. A mathematical analysis of the transmission function of the communication channel as a complex characteristic describing the amplitude-frequency and phase distortions during signal propagation is performed. Theoretical models of synchronization processes are developed, including the stages of signal search, capture, and tracking, using the Markum function to describe the probability of signal detection against the background of Gaussian noise. Methods for optimizing the key parameters of the RFP system, such as the frequency tuning period, the total number of frequency channels, and the width of the protective frequency interval, are proposed. The theoretical foundations of adaptive control based on the maximum likelihood method and recursive filtering for estimating the parameters of the channel\are described. The energy efficiency of systems with RFP is studied, taking into account the frequency tuning losses and the necessary adjustment of the signal-to-noise ratio. A comprehensive indicator of the quality of a communication system combining probabilistic, energy, and time characteristics of the system is proposed. Analytical expressions are developed for estimating the intensity of synchronization failure based on statistical analysis of experimental data and calculation of the covariance matrix of measurement noise. The expediency of using reference signals to increase the reliability of measurements of communication channel parameters in adaptive control of the system is justified. Relations are derived for determining the duration of the synchronization window, taking into account the maximum allowable time of entering synchronism and the margin factor, which takes into account possible frequency instabilities of the reference generators. The influence of the protective frequency interval on preventing inter-channel interference and ensuring electromagnetic compatibility of neighboring channels is analyzed. The presented theoretical results provide a scientific basis for the design of radio systems with increased noise immunity and can be used in the development of adaptive algorithms for controlling RF control systems in a dynamically changing electromagnetic environment, ensuring a balance between the reliability of information transmission and the efficiency of using frequency-time resources of the communication system.
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DETERMINATION OF TARGET COORDINATE ERRORS IN MULTI-POSITION RADAR USING GROUPS OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT
I.V. Borisov , А.S. Kuzmenko , V. Е. Kuryan , Е. М. Levchenko , М.V. Kuryan273-2842025-07-24Abstract ▼The article proposes and develops an algebraic method for determining the coordinates of targets and their errors as part of a group of unmanned aerial vehicles. The main assumptions of the developed model of the functioning of a group of unmanned aerial vehicles: The speeds of aircraft do not exceed the speed of sound in the air, and the speeds of targets do not exceed the first space were justified. The main assumptions of the model of operation of a group of unmanned aerial vehicles: the UAV speeds do not exceed the speed of sound in the air, and the target speeds do not exceed the first space one, are justified in the article. Qualitative estimates of the radar signal reception time for a given spatial error of the target coordinates were presented. The conditions for the number of aircraft in the group are formulated, which increase the accuracy of determining the location of the target in space. The various types of errors that arise when organizing the search for targets by a group of aircraft are analyzed. The issues of dependence of the resulting error in calculating the coordinates of the search target on the error in measuring the distance between the aircraft in the group and the target itself, depending on their mutual spatial orientation, are investigated. An algorithm has been developed, calculations and analysis of the results for this task have been carried out. The simulation is based on the proposed algorithm, taking into account random coordinates of the target in a fixed sector and taking into account random errors in the measured distance between a group of aircraft and the search object. The results of modeling the influence of the configuration of a group of unmanned aerial vehicles and the location of the target on the error in determining its coordinates are presented. An assessment was carried out to determine the coordinates of the goals and an error estimate of the proposed algebraic approach. The ways of further research are determined. The issues of estimating the amount of calculation for a large number of goals are considered.
The scope and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and method for solving the problem as a whole are determined. -
AN INTELLIGENT SYSTEM OF TECHNICAL VISION FOR DETECTING OBSTACLES AND PREDICTING THE BEHAVIOR OF MOVING OBJECTS ON RAILWAY TRACKS
D.L. Shishkov, М.N. Zaripov, R.А. Gorbachev2022-04-21Abstract ▼Currently, the improvement of the quality of transport and logistics services provided is directly
related to the introduction of new and modernization of existing technologies of
informatization and digitalization. One of the most urgent tasks solved by the introduction of digital
technologies into existing technological processes is to improve the safety of train traffic.
The analysis of domestic and foreign works devoted to the development of train safety improvement
systems has shown that one of the methods of solving the task is the development and implementation
of vision systems for detecting infrastructure objects and obstacles in the course of train
movement. This is especially true when train speeds increase when it is difficult for the driver to
correctly assess the current situation and make an operational decision. This paper describes the
implementation of a vision system for unmanned trains. Within its framework, a new approach to
the training of a highly specialized mask neural network was implemented. The main task of this
system is to recognize obstacles and human figures against the background of the railway infrastructure
determine their location relative to the tracks and assess this situation from the point of
view of traffic safety. To obtain a higher-quality mask, the approach of simultaneous use of images
of standard CVS cameras and cameras with the higher resolution was used. This method is able toimprove the quality of recognition, especially at large distances, when the object of interest is not
noticeable in the complex environment surrounding it. The work performed has shown good results
in identifying objects on railway tracks. The creation of a prototype of such a system and
equipping it with traction rolling stock will allow for the timely detection of obstacles and people
on the train path, which contributes to improving the level of train safety. -
APPLICATION OF TOPSIS FUZZY METHOD FOR DECISION MAKING USING SYNTACTICALLY INDEPENDENT LINGUISTIC VARIABLES
А.V. Bozhenyuk , I.А. Dubchak , О.V. Kosenko272-2822026-09-10Abstract ▼Uncertain and imprecise data are typical for multicriteria problems, making fuzzy set theory an adequate tool for their solution. The objective of this paper is to apply the TOPSIS method in a fuzzy environment using syntactically independent linguistic variables. Due to the frequent occurrence of fuzzy concepts in decision-making data, crisp values are insufficient for modelling real-world situations. In the proposed approach, the evaluation of each alternative and the weight of each criterion are expressed by syntactically independent linguistic variables, whose arbitrary values are determined through the semantics of the base terms. An approach to calculating arbitrary (non-base) values of linguistic variables used by an expert is considered. The base values of the syntactically independent linguistic variables used are specified by triangular fuzzy numbers. The proposed approach is well suited for solving group decision-making problems in a fuzzy environment, where an expert or group of experts is not constrained by a limited number of fuzzy assessments. Here, fuzzy variables representing the values of the syntactically independent linguistic variables "criterion importance" and "criterion score" are considered as weighting coefficients for criterion importance and evaluation of qualitative criteria. The paper proposes using the centre of gravity method to calculate the distance between two triangular fuzzy numbers. In accordance with the fuzzy TOPSIS concept, a proximity coefficient is defined to determine the ranking order of all alternatives by calculating the distances to the fuzzy positive ideal solution (PIS) and the fuzzy negative ideal solution (NIS). An example is provided to illustrate the proposed approach
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MATRIX METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF COMPLEX MULTI-AGENT RECOFIGURABLE SYSTEMS
V.K. Pshikhopov , А. L. Verevkin , А.R. Gaiduk , L.S. Verevkina249-2592026-09-10Abstract ▼The article presents the developed matrix method of simultaneous assessment of the reliability of several variants of complex multi-agent reconfigurable systems, as well as the staged method of reservation, which differ from the known ones in their simplicity and wide scope of application The matrix reliability assessment method consists in a matrix display of the reliability parameters of all agents of a specific variant of a group of system agents and a vector representation of the mission conditions. It is assumed that the mission reliability of a target group of agents is determined solely by the reliability of the agents themselves and the nature of their redundancy. The staged redundancy method is distinguished by its use of traditional standard redundancy schemes as stages in the process of redundant agent groups, significantly increasing the reliability of system variants. System agents are divided into active agents, directly performing the current mission, and passive agents, awaiting activation. Active agents, in turn, are divided into primary and backup agents. Primary agents initiate mission execution, while backup agents, awaiting replacement of failed active agents, can be in either an active state (hot standby) or a cold standby state. Specific mission conditions are taken into account by a vector of correction factors, significantly improving the accuracy of reliability assessment and agent group uptime prediction. An important feature of the proposed methods for assessing and predicting reliability is their analytical nature, which allows the use of modern high-speed computing tools in solving problems of ensuring the required reliability of missions performed by complex multi-agent systems
