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• FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE PROCESS OF CLASSIFYING THE CONDITION OF A TECHNICAL FACILITY BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF POINTS IN THE TIME SERIES OF THE PARAMETER

  S.I. Klevtsov

  47-57

  2025-10-01

  Abstract ▼

  Assessment of the operability of a technical facility in real time is important for the stable and trouble-free operation of the facility during its operation. Previously, a classification model for the rate of parameter change was proposed based on specialized point cloud processing of a time series segment without trend extraction. However, some proposals, for example, related to the non-inclusion of some points of the series in the model construction procedure, were not sufficiently justified and are an unobvious attempt to get rid of abnormal values of the time series. Some stages of the model implementation, for example, building an ellipse on a transformed point cloud, require a detailed representation, which is important for further model training and classification.  In the article, as part of the preliminary data preparation, a procedure is proposed for detecting and screening out abnormal values of the time series of a parameter based on a modification of the Irwin method. In addition, an updated scheme for evaluating the values of the criterion in the classification model for the condition of a technical facility parameter is presented. The ellipse compression ratio is used as the evaluation criterion, which is based on a cloud of scatter plot points cut out by a sliding time window from the time series of the parameter. An iterative ellipse construction procedure has been developed for this purpose. The new procedure provides a more informed and accurate assessment of the criterion. Thus, a modified model has been built that will allow real-time assessment of the occurrence of an emergency situation at an early stage of its development.
  The evaluation procedure can be implemented as part of the hardware and software of the monitoring system of a technical facility

• APPLICATION OF BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TO CONTROL THE MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE INDOOR

  Y.А. Zargaryan, V.I. Koshensky, К. О. Kirsanov, М. S. Presnyakov

  103-118

  2025-07-31

  Abstract ▼

  Tracking the location of a person in a big country, a big city, and even an area has long
  been a reality. Thanks to satellites, it became possible to know exactly where a person is. However,
  such technologies are more intended for positioning in open areas, and their signal is not able
  to overcome large reinforced concrete structures, as well as walls and ceilings in a building.
  This article proposes a solution to this problem, considers the system for controlling the movement
  of people in the premises. Such a system not only determines the position where a person is located,
  with an accuracy of half a meter, but also creates a database that displays the date, time and
  place of a person’s discovery, as well as his identification, indicating who exactly was discovered.
  The system described in this article is very easy to understand and has a low cost. It works with
  the ESP32 microcontroller and is based on Bluetooth Low Energy wireless data transfer technology.
  The ESP32 microcontroller acts as a signal scanner with the RSSI parameter. The received
  data, namely RSSI and a unique identifier, which is aimed at determining the identity of a person,
  are sent to the ThingSpeak server, where the distance to the source, which is the smartphone, is
  calculated, determining its location and recording movement. This uses methods to improve accuracy,
  such as the Fingerprint algorithm. In the entire room at the installation stage of the system,
  "fingerprints" are collected within the controlled area, reference RSSI values are determined at
  such control points, and it is on their basis that a person's location is determined. Also, this material
  discusses the solution of the problem of identifying and controlling the approach of people to
  a protected object and the organization of a system for collecting and storing statistics on visiting
  a controlled object.
  
  

• MQTT CLIENT IMPLEMENTATION BASED ON A SINGLE-CHIP MICROCONTROLLER FOR REMOTE EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT TASKS

  А.V. Mangushev

  75-84

  2025-07-31

  Abstract ▼

  The article describes a device that transmits data and processes commands over the MQTT
  protocol on the Internet. A small batch was made to assess the performance in real practice. The
  software for the microcontroller is written in C using a real-time operating system (RTOS), which
  allows you to streamline software development through pseudo-parallel code execution, task synchronization
  mechanisms (semaphores, mutexes), and a queue mechanism. The paper presents an
  example of an algorithm for the interaction of FreeRTOS tasks: the tasks of waiting for a command
  from the server, the tasks of measuring temperature, the main thread that sends a message
  to the server in response to the appearance of a line in the message queue. The core of the MQTT
  client being developed is the STM32 microcontroller and the GSM/GPRS SIM800 module. A large
  number of interfaces are displayed on the device, which allows you to connect a wide variety of
  peripherals (temperature, humidity, pressure sensors, servos, etc.). The device is able to independently
  restore the connection to the network in case of its interruption. The proprietary implementation
  of the MQTT protocol version 3.1 QoS 0 is used in the software of the control microcontroller.
  MQTT messages are transmitted as part of a TCP connection established by means of a GSM module. The control microcontroller communicates with the GSM module via AT commands.
  The possibility of two-way real-time messaging is implemented, which allows using the developed
  microprocessor system both in the mode of an autonomous control device and in the interactive
  mode of executing commands received wirelessly and sending the execution statuses of these
  commands. The main feature of the MQTT client is the ability to remotely update the microcontroller
  software (OTA), implemented using an auxiliary microcontroller and a flash memory chip.
  The developed MQTT client is intended to be used as the basis of microprocessor systems - clients
  of the Internet of Things.