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• GLOBAL AND LOCAL VARIATIONS OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD IN THE SURFACE ELECTRODE LAYER

  О. V. Belousova

  180-190

  2026-09-10

  Abstract ▼

  The paper presents a mathematical model of the atmospheric surface electrode layer structure, taking into account the combined action of global and local electric field generators. Spatiotemporal modeling is based on the conjugation of harmonic trigonometric functions of the diurnal cycle for local turbulent exchange and for the global total current density. When modeling the behavior of the electric field, analytical solutions of the electrode effect equations in the atmosphere are used. The proposed approach consists of a step-by-step substitution of the total electric current density and the turbulent diffusion coefficient instantaneous values, obtained from the equations of their periodic variation for a specific hour of the day, into analytical formulas for the stationary spatial distribution of the turbulent electrode layer characteristics. The validity of using the quasi-stationary approximation is strictly substantiated by the significant difference (by more than two orders of magnitude) between the time scales of establishing electrical equilibrium in the medium and the period of the global current generator diurnal variation. It was established that the combined modeling mode adequately reproduces the synergistic expansion of the electric field strength (potential gradient) diurnal curve range and the deformation of its profile, characteristic of the summer season in the high mountains. The reliability of the obtained theoretical results was confirmed by their comparison with experimental data from in-situ measurements at the alpine station of Peak Cheget (430 16' N and 420 30' E), located in the Elbrus region at altitudes of 3040 m above sea level.
  The analysis demonstrated good quantitative and chronological agreement between the calculated extremes values and the observed diurnal variations in electric field during the summer season. The results obtained can be directly used to improve the accuracy of geophysical monitoring data interpretation

• MODELING THE ELECTRIC FIELD OF A SILICON N-I-P NANOSTRUCTURE

  N.М. Bogatov , V. S. Volodin , L.R. Grigoryan , М. S. Kovalenko

  123-133

  2025-11-10

  Abstract ▼

  Distribution of ionized impurities, electrons, holes determines the structure, physical properties, performance characteristics of semiconductor devices. The role of surface electron states is negative, the degree of their influence on the characteristics of the device depends on the features of the structure. Reducing the size of semiconductor devices is a modern trend in improving electronics. The influence of surface states on the properties of nanoscale objects increases with decreasing size. The object of the study is the electric field of a silicon n-i-p nanostructure. The purpose of the study is to analyze the influence of surface states on the internal electric field of a silicon n-i-p nanostructure. Research objectives: 1 – Calculate numerically, taking into account the surface states, the potential and electric field strength, the concentration of donors and acceptors in a silicon n-i-p nanostructure with a diffusion doping profile.
  2 – Determine the influence of the thickness of the n-i-p nanostructure and the density of surface states on the potential and electric field strength. 3 – Determine the composition of the space charge region of the n-i-p nanostructure with the minimized influence of surface states. The calculation method is based on the numerical solution of the Poisson equation taking into account the surface states and boundary conditions, including the condition of the general electroneutrality of the sample. As a result, the distributions of the potential and electric field strength were obtained for different values of the nanostructure thickness and the density of surface states. It is shown that charged surface states change the potential and electric field strength not only in the surface region, but also in the volume of the nanostructure. The value of the strength in the base increases with decreasing thickness, this value decreases if the density of surface states exceeds 10¹³ cm^–2. Reducing the density of surface states to 10¹² cm^–2 eliminates the surface potential barrier created by them. The space charge region consists of 5 parts: a region of positive charge created by ionized donors, a region enriched in electrons, a region depleted in charge carriers, a region enriched in holes, and a region of negative charge created by ionized acceptors

• FORMATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRODE LAYER STRUCTURE

  S.S. Svidelsky, V.S. Litvinova, G. V. Kupovykh, A. G. Klovo

  2021-01-19

  Abstract ▼

  The problem of the formation of the electric state in the lower layer of the atmosphere near
  the Earth's surface is considered in the article. An electrodynamic model of a non-stationary turbulent-
  convective surface layer is investigated in the approximation of the electrode effect. The
  initial system consists of the ionization-recombination equations for aeroions and the Poisson
  equation. Depending on the meteorological conditions in the atmosphere, the cases of classical
  and turbulent electrode effects, as well as the approximation of strong turbulent mixing, are considered
  separately. Turbulent and convective transport, the degree of air ionization, and the presence
  of submicron aerosol particles in the air are factors that affect the space-time structure of the
  electrode layer. Dimensionless parameters (similarity criteria) for electrodynamic equations are
  revealed, which allow choosing the appropriate approximation for modeling the structure of the
  electrode layer depending on atmospheric conditions. In an aerosol-free atmosphere, the time to
  establish a stationary state in the electrode layer is about 5 minutes, for the classical layer (the
  typical height is about 4-5 m), and in the turbulent layer-about 15 minutes. (the typical height is
  about 10 m). In the case of strong turbulent mixing, the distribution scale of electrical quantities
  increases to hundreds of meters. The ratio of the characteristic velocities of turbulent and convective
  processes indicates the predominant physical mechanism of ion transport and the formation of
  the electrode layer structure. An increase in the rate of convective transport directed downwards
  leads to a weakening of the turbulent mixing mechanism, and when moving up, the opposite effect
  occurs. The presence of a submicron aerosol in the atmosphere leads to the formation of heavy
  ions, the mobility of which is much less than that of aeroions. Single-charged aerosol particles
  with a concentration not exceeding the number of aeroions slightly change the spatiotemporal
  characteristics of the electrode layer. While the presence of repeatedly charged aerosol particles
  in the surface air increases the time of electrical relaxation and reduces the height of the electrode
  layer. At sufficiently high concentrations of aerosol (more than the number of aeroions by an order
  of magnitude or more), it is necessary to take into account its transport by turbulentconvective
  flows, and the structure of the electrode layer is determined only by heavy ions.

• MODELING OF THE NON-TURBULENT SURFACE LAYER ELECTRODYNAMIC STRUCTURE

  G.V. Kupovkh, A.G. Klovo, V.V. Grivtsov, О. V. Belousova

  2022-08-09

  Abstract ▼

  The article presents an electrodynamic model of the atmospheric surface layer caused by
  the action of the electrode effect near the earth's surface, and an analysis of its equations by methods
  of similarity theory. Mathematical models of the surface layer electrical state in the approximations
  of the classical and turbulent electrode effect are considered separately. In the mathematical
  formulation of modeling problems, a number of well-founded physical assumptions were created
  that made it possible to obtain analytical solutions to the equations. Analytical formulas have
  been obtained for calculating the profiles of aeroion concentrations, the density of the space electric
  charge and the electric field in the electrode layer. As a result of mathematical modeling, the
  dependences of the electrical characteristics distribution in the surface layer on the values of the
  electric field, the degree of air ionization and aerosol pollution of the atmosphere are investigated.
  It is shown that the ratio of the electric field values on the earth's surface and at the upper boundary
  of the electrode layer is almost constant. The increasing of the electric field, the rate of air
  ionization and the presence of sufficient concentration aerosol particles leads to a decrease in the
  thickness of the electrode layer and, as a consequence, the scale of distribution of its parameters.
  An amplification in the degree of ionization increases, and an increase in the concentration of
  aerosol particles in the atmosphere decreases the values of the electric charge density in the surface
  layer. Theoretical calculations are in good agreement with experimental data and the results
  of numerical modeling of the surface layer electrical structure. The analytical formulas obtained
  in the work for calculating the electrical characteristics of the surface layer and the results of
  calculations can be useful in solving a number of applied problems of geophysics, in particular for
  monitoring the electrical state of the atmosphere.

• MODELING RESULTS OF THE TURBULENT SURFACE LAYER ELECTRODYNAMIC STRUCTURE

  О.V. Belousova, G.V. Kupovkh, А.G. Klovo, V.V. Grivtsov

  2022-11-01

  Abstract ▼

  The article presents the results of mathematical modeling of turbulent surface layer
  electrodynamic structure. A model of a stationary turbulent electrode effect operating near the
  earth's surface is used. The analysis of equations by methods of similarity theory allowed us to
  make a number of reasonable physical assumptions that allowed us to obtain analytical solutions.
  Analytical formulas have been obtained for calculating the profiles of concentrations of small ions
  (aeroions), the density of the space electric charge and the electric field strength in a turbulent
  electrode layer. As a result of mathematical modeling, the dependences electrical characteristics
  in surface layer on the values of the electric field, the turbulent mixing degree and aerosol pollution
  of the atmosphere are investigated. It is shown that the parameter of the electrode effect (the
  ratio of the values of the electric field strength on the earth's surface and at the upper boundary of
  the electrode layer) practically does not depend on atmospheric conditions, whereas the height of
  the electrode layer and, accordingly, the scale of the distribution of the electrical characteristics
  of the surface layer vary significantly. The intensification of turbulent mixing in the surface layer
  leads to an increase in the height of the electrode layer and, as a consequence, the scale of distribution
  of its parameters. The strengthening of the electric field or air pollution by aerosol particles of sufficient concentration leads to a decrease in its height. An increase in the concentration
  of aerosol particles in the atmosphere reduces the values of the electric charge density at the
  earth's surface. Theoretical calculations are in good agreement with experimental data and the
  results of numerical modeling of the surface layer electrical structure. The analytical formulas
  obtained in the work for calculating the electrical characteristics of the surface layer and the results
  of calculations can be useful in solving a number of applied problems of geophysics, in particular
  for monitoring the electrical state of the atmosphere.

• INVESTIGATION OF MEMRISTIVE NANOSCALE STRUCTURES WITH PROFILED INTERFACEFOR NEUROMORPHIC ELECTRONICS

  I.L. Jityaev, М. S. Kartel, Y.Y. Jityaeva, А. А. Avakyan, V. А. Smirnov

  2025-04-27

  Abstract ▼

  The article presents the results of the development of nanoscale memristive structures, the application
  of which is promising for the hardware implementation of artificial intelligence systems. A design of a
  memristive cell based on a titanium oxide film with a thickness ranging from 3 to 50 nm is proposed.
  The upper electrode of the cell features a profiled structure in the form of two high-aspect-ratio nanoscale
  tip structures (HANTS), where one tip has a radius of 10 nm, and the radius of the second tip varies in the
  range of 10 to 50 nm. Platinum was chosen as the material for the upper electrode due to its unique physicochemical
  properties, including high chemical inertness across a wide range of temperatures and aggressive
  environments, low electrical resistivity, and resistance to oxidation. These characteristics make
  platinum an optimal material for use in electronic devices and sensor systems where long-term stability
  and minimal energy losses during signal transmission are required. The results of modeling the electric
  field strength distribution in the interelectrode gap of the memristive cell are presented. The modeling was performed using COMSOL Multiphysics software, which solves systems of nonlinear partial differential
  equations using the finite element method, with a potential difference of 5 V between the electrodes. Based
  on the modeling results, the dependencies of the electric field strength on the geometric parameters of the
  memristive cell were obtained and analyzed. Local enhancement of the electric field strength was identified
  along the perimeter of the oxide-HANTS interface. The increase in the non-uniformity of the electric
  field strength grows with the thickness of the oxide film and can reach 13.4%. The obtained results can be
  used in the development of neuromorphic electronic components for robotic systems and artificial intelligence
  systems based on memristors