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• IMPLEMENTATION OF RELATIONAL DEVICES OF DIGITAL SIGNALS MONITORING AND POLLING IN THE FPGA BASIS

  S.А. Panychev, А.I. Panychev, А.V. Maksimov

  270-280

  2025-07-31

  Abstract ▼

  The requirements for modern means of technical control and functional diagnostics of
  equipment for critical applications are formulated, one of which is the processing of diagnostic
  information at a real-time pace. It is noted that for working with digital diagnostic signals, relational monitoring polling devices based on the apparatus of ordinal logic, which gives a significant
  time gain over traditional binary logic, are promising. The hardware implementation of ordinal-
  logical polling devices in the FPGA basis, along with the obvious advantages of the development
  stage, will allow for operational reconfiguration of the internal structure to adapt to the
  changing operating conditions of the control object. The hardware implementation of two known
  devices is considered. A variable priority device is used to identify the sensor that has detected a
  failure or malfunction, with the possibility of setting the sensor number from which the survey will
  begin, and the direction of traversing the sensor tuple. The device of centralized control of a group
  of objects is used to search for an extreme (maximum or minimum) digital diagnostic signal with
  simultaneous determination of the number of the corresponding sensor in one clock cycle of the
  monitoring and diagnostic system. The development of combinational data schemes of monitoring
  survey devices was carried out by means of ISE Design Suite 14.7. The positive results of testing
  the algorithms of the created models are presented, summarized in tables of the states of the inputs
  and outputs of the circuits and illustrated by time diagrams of binary signals at the terminals of
  the circuits. An estimate of the required FPGA resource costs is given, expressed in the number of
  logical elements and user contacts. Also, using the example of low integration devices and the
  most resource-intensive samples, the upper and lower estimates of the number of FPGAs of various
  types of the Xilinx Spartan-6, Xilinx Virtex-4 families and the domestic 5576/5578 series of
  JSC KTC Electronics are given. It is established that with the number of diagnostic sensors up to
  200, depending on the FPGA family, up to 17 low integration chips and up to 7 resource-intensive
  chips are required to implement one monitoring polling device

• DIRECTIONAL AND POLARISATION PROPERTIES OF A MICROSTRIP RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA WITH TUNABLE FREQUENCY AND POLARISATION

  А. А. Vaganova, N.N. Kisel, A.I. Panychev

  2021-07-18

  Abstract ▼

  A reconfigurable antenna is an antenna with parameters that can be varied according to the
  requirements of a particular situation. Under variable parameters we can understand the operating
  frequency range, radiation pattern, polarization, as well as various combinations of these parameters.
  In this paper, we propose the design of a reconfigurable microstrip antenna with tunable
  frequency and polarization, and investigate its radiation pattern and polarisation properties. The
  antenna has compact dimensions and can be used in wireless communication systems operating in
  the 2–7 GHz range. 5 pin diodes are included into the antenna design to change the resonant frequency
  and polarization of the antenna by turning the diodes on and off. The simulation of the
  proposed antenna was performed in the FEKO program and the main parameters of the antenna
  were obtained. The analysis of the simulation results showed that for the lower part of the studied
  frequency range (2.05, 2.45 and 3.7 GHz), the polarization is linear. When operating in the higher
  sub-range (5.4, 5.6 and 5.75 GHz), the antenna is circularly polarized, and the direction of the
  polarisation vector rotation depends on the connection of the diodes. This ability to switch polarization
  to orthogonal at the same frequency allows to perform efficient signal reception in the conditions
  of multipath propagation.

• DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING IN A PASSIVE MULTI-POSITION RADAR, CREATED ON THE BASIS OF THE UAV GROUPING

  I.I. Markovich, Е.Е. Zavtur, А.I. Panychev

  6-17

  2025-08-04

  Abstract ▼

  The expediency of creating a passive multi-position radar based on a grouping of unmanned aerial vehicles is substantiated. The variant of building of such radar is proposed, the main tech-nical problems of the sonar developing are evaluated and possible ways to overcome them are considered. It is shown that for detecting aerial targets and determining their coordinates from the radio emission of on-board equipment, the difference-rangefinder method is the most promis-ing as it does not depend on signal modulation and is potentially resistant to interference. For small-sized UAV for transmitting information over open radio channels, the typical frequency ranges are 2.4 and 5.0 GHz. A block diagram of a passive multi-position radar has been devel-oped, including digital shapers of the quadrature components of the received signal, blocks for detecting and determining the coordinates of the target. The main parameters are calculated and analytical expressions of digital signal processing algorithms for detecting and determining the coordinates of the target are given. A stroboscopic effect is used in the digital quadrature compo-nent shaper, which allows for bandpass signals to select the sampling frequency not by the upper boundary frequency of the spectrum, but by its width, which significantly reduces the requirements for the performance of the ADC and the DSP devices following it. The complex envelopes of the detected signals are generated by the method of digital generation in the time domain using digital low-frequency filters. The detection of signals is performed by an energy detector, the advantages of which are simplicity of implementation and operability in the absence of a priori information about the received signal. To determine the coordinates of the radio source, signal delays are calculated between pairs of signals received by three UAV from a multi-position radar, which are determined by the maximum modulo values of the mutual correlation functions of the signals in these pairs. It is shown that the proposed algorithms are well adapted to the processing of possible sources of radio emission on board small-sized UAV. It is established that the required perfor-mance of the radar computer for real-time operation does not exceed 84.62 GFLOPS. The design of an on-board antenna module of a passive multi-position radar in the form of a microstrip re-configurable antenna, tunable in frequency and polarization, is proposed.