THE ANALYSIS OF REQUIREMENTS FOR RADIATION PARAMETERS OF RADIO EQUIPMENT IN UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS

Abstract

Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign regulatory documents, the features of the use of the radio frequency spectrum in the Russian Federation for unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are considered. The types of radio channels for communication between the UAS and the ground control station are considered and the frequency ranges allowed for use for communication with the UAS according to the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation are determined. Licensed ranges include 117.975–137 MHz; 5030–5091 MHz; 5850–6425 MHz, but it is possible to use unlicensed bands 137–174 MHz; 395–400 MHz; 430–460 MHz: 433.05–434.79 MHz; 860–880 MHz; 902–928 MHz; 1100–1400 MHz; 2400–2483.5 MHz. It is shown that there is a problem of using unlicensed frequency ranges due to restrictions on the parameters of radio emission and ranges of mobile communication systems due to the lack of a regulatory framework. The regulatory framework defines the requirements for the radiation levels of radio-electronic means (RES) BASS in licensed ranges that should not exceed 100 MW. Currently, in the Russian Federation there are no regulatory requirements for the technical parameters of RES BAS for their radio channels in unlicensed ranges, but there are restrictions on short-range devices using these ranges. At the same time, there are a number of regulatory documents of other countries that determine the signal levels in flight control channels. The possibilities of using UAS for radio monitoring purposes are considered using the example of the trial operation of the Orlan-10 unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), taking into account existing restrictions in the field of the regulatory framework. It is shown that there are a number of restrictions for their effective use for radio monitoring purposes: in the field of the regulatory framework, technical characteristics of antennas and the dependence of the results on the flight altitude. Limitations due to climatic factors are also an important factor. Moreover, it is precisely for hard-to-reach areas with difficult climatic conditions that this monitoring method is the most promising.