STUDY OF RETRANSMISSION SCHEMES IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are being actively implemented in various systems for remote observation and monitoring of distributed objects. WSNs have a number of undoubted advantages: flexibility, efficiency, relative cheapness, and the possibility of rapid deployment. However, the exchange of information and data is carried out in the WSN using wireless communication channels, which are subject to inevitable interference and noise, which leads to transmission errors and even to the loss of transmitted data packets. Another challenge, not fully resolved, is the uneven distribution of consumed energy within the WSN in the face of stringent requirements for energy sources. Currently, there are two most widely used retransmission schemes in the loss of transmitted data, namely, hop-by-hop and end-to-end. Most of the well-known studies devoted to the issues of reliable data transmission in WSN using these schemes have been carried out experimentally. In addition, there are still no analytical methods for evaluating various reliable transport solutions, which complicates the analysis of the proposed WSN. Therefore, the aim of the proposed work is the development of analytical methods and algorithms for studying the operating characteristics of the signal relaying circuits in the WSN. Analytical methods are proposed for evaluating retransmission schemes in the WSN, based on a relatively new theoretical basis - the network calculus for packet-switched networks, which is a tool for determining the size of the network. First, traffic, service and energy cost models are introduced. Based on these models and network calculations, the maximum packet transmission delay and energy efficiency of the two main types of retransmission schemes: hop-by-hop and end-to-end retransmission, are analytically estimated. According to the results of the experiment, the maximum latency and the maximum power consumption of these two schemes are compared in several scenarios. In addition, the analytically calculated maximum delay is compared with the simulation results. With the proposed method, a suitable retransmission scheme can be selected based on the various requirements and constraints to be set.