DEVELOPMENT OF BIOHEURISTICS FOR CREATING AN INTELLECTUAL SUBSYSTEM FOR MAKING EFFECTIVE DECISIONS OF NP-HARD AND NP-DIFFICULT COMBINATORY-LOGICAL PROBLEMS ON GRAPHS

Abstract

The article is devoted to the solution of new topical problems that have arisen in the conditions of the modern development of information and nanometer technologies in the field of design, as well as the development of new innovative methods that provide effective solutions in polynomial time. The article deals with the problem of solving NP-hard problems. The description of the procedure for measuring the complexity of the problem is presented the features of NP-hard and NP-difficult combinatorial logic problems are described. The main differences between the tasks are presented, as well as the problems that one has to face when solving this type of task. The general decision-making scheme is presented, consisting of the problem formulation; decisionmaking; signal in automatic systems and feedback. At the second stage (formation and selection of solutions), the solution is based on a bioinspired algorithm for finding solutions to the traveling salesman problem. To solve this problem, a modified bioinspired algorithm based on the behaviorof an ant colony was developed. Unlike other optimization methods, metaheuristic algorithms can find global optimal solutions for problems where there are many local solutions due to their random nature. These reasons have led to the widespread use of such algorithms in solving various optimization problems. Bioinspired algorithms are becoming a new revolution in the field of solving optimization problems. The statement of the traveling salesman problem is presented, as well as the solution of the problem on the basis of the ant algorithm. Algorithms such as genetic algorithms and PSO can be very useful, but they still have some disadvantages in solving multimodal optimization problems. These algorithms can find optimal solutions regardless of the physical nature of the problem. In the framework of experimental studies, the analysis of the work of bioinspired algorithms was carried out: the algorithm of a flock of bats, the bacterial algorithm and the ant algorithm.