ВЛИЯНИЕ СОЛНЕЧНОГО ВЕТРА НА ДИНАМИКУ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ПОЛЯ В ПРИЗЕМНОМ СЛОЕ АТМОСФЕРЫ
Ключевые слова:
Глобальная электрическая цепь, заряженные частицы, электрическое поле, атмосфера Земли, вспышечная плазма, скорость солнечного ветра, солнечный ветер
Аннотация
Солнечный ветер оказывает сильное влияние в первую очередь на внешние оболочки Земли – магнитосферу и ионосферу, и как следствие на разность потенциалов между ио-носферой и земной поверхностью. Солнечный ветер – это поток полностью ионизованного водородного газа (плазмы) с примерно одинаковой плотностью электронов и протонов, который движется с ускорением от Солнца. Последствия действия солнечно-земных свя-зей могут оказывать заметное, а иногда и основное влияние на динамику суточных и се-зонных вариаций поля приземной атмосферы. Цель работы заключается в выявлении воз-действия солнечного ветра на динамику суточных и сезонных вариаций электрического поля в приземной атмосфере. В работе представлены результаты выполненного анализа взаимосвязей суточного хода характеристик солнечного ветра (значений скорости солнеч-ного ветра, концентрации ионов) и напряженности электрического поля приземной атмо-сферы. Вариации электрического поля в приземном слое атмосферы в течение суток обу-словлены как глобальными, так и локальными факторами. Их вклад в суточные и сезонные вариации электрического поля атмосферы изучен недостаточно. Долговременные назем-ные наблюдения вариаций параметров атмосферного электричества являются важной экспериментальной основой современных исследований. Для измерения суточных вариаций напряженности электрического поля атмосферы в данной работе использован аппаратно-программный комплекс для измерения и передачи на центральный сервер значений напря-женности электрического поля атмосферы на пике «Чегет». Мониторинг в высокогорных районах, характеризуется тем, что практически исключена антропогенная составляющая в формировании электрического поля атмосферы.
Литература
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5. Adzhiev A.Kh., Kumukova O.A., Cherkesov A.A. Issledovanie vliyaniya solnechno-zemnykh vzaimosvyazey na dinamiku sutochnykh i sezonnykh variatsiy gradienta potentsiala prizemnoy atmosfery[Investigation of the influence of solar-terrestrial interconnections on the dynamics of daily and seasonal variations in the gradient of the potential of the surface atmosphere], Solnechno-zemnye svyazi: Mater. IX mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii 17-21 oktyabrya 2018. Petro-pavlovsk-Kamchatskiy [Solar-terrestrial relations. Proceedings of the IX International Confer-ence. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, October 28, 17-21, 2018], pp. 28.
6. Erokhin V.N., Kanaev A.S., Kupovykh G.V. i pr. Analiz rezul'tatov sinkhronnykh izmereniy E v Priel'brus'e i na Kol'skom poluostrove [Analysis of the results of synchronous measurements of E in the Elbrus region and on the Kola Peninsula], Rezul'taty issledovaniy po mezhdunarodnym geofizicheskim proektam. Magnitosfernye issledovaniya [Results of research on international geo-physical projects. Magnetospheric research]. Moscow: 1990, No. 15, pp. 44-47.
7. Degtyarev V.I., Popov G.V., Chudnenko S.E. Solnechnyy veter v minimumakh solnechnoy i magnitnoy aktivnosti za proshedshie 35 let [The solar wind in the minima of solar and magnetic activity over the past 35 years], Voprosy estestvoznaniya [Questions of science], 2014, No. 3, pp. 85-93.
8. Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V., Redin A.A. Vliyanie solnechnoy aktivnosti na variatsii elektricheskogo polya v prizemnom sloe atmosfery [Influence of solar activity on the variations of the electric field in the surface layer of the atmosphere], Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Fizika [Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Physics], 2016, Vol. 59, No. 12/3/, pp. 215-219.
9. Morozov V.N. Atmosfernoe elektrichestvo [Atmospheric electricity], Atmosfera. Spravochnik (spravochnye dannye, modeli) [Atmosphere. Reference (reference data, models)]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1991, pp. 394-408.
10. Morozov V.N., Kupovykh G.V. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie global'noy atmosfernoy elektricheskoy tsepi i elektrichestva prizemnogo sloya [Mathematical modeling of the global at-mospheric electric circuit and the electricity of the surface layer]. Saint Petersburg: Asterion, 2017, 307 p.
11. Redin A.A., Kupovykh G.V., Klovo A.G., Boldyrev A.S. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie elektrodinamicheskikh protsessov v usloviyakh aerozol'nogo zagryazneniya atmosfery [Mathemati-cal modeling of electrodynamic processes under conditions of atmospheric aerosol pollution], Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki [Izvestiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences], 2011, No. 8 (121), pp. 111-121.
12. Kupovykh G., Redin A., Boldyreff A. Modeling of ionization-recombination processes in the atmospheric surface laye, Journal of Electrostatics 71. Elsevier B.V., 2013, pp. 305-311.
13. Redin A.A., Kupovykh G.V., Boldyrev A.S. Electrodynamic Model of the Atmospheric Convec-tive-Turbulent Surface Layer, Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics, 2014, Vol. 56, Issue 11-12, pp. 739-746.
14. Adzhiev A.Kh., Kupovykh G.V., Kuliev D.D., Kazakova S.T., Malkandueva L.M. Sovmestnyy analiz variatsiy napryazhennosti elektricheskogo polya atmosfery i grozovoy aktivnosti [Joint analysis of the variations of the electric field of the atmosphere and thunderstorm activity], Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki [Izvestiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences], 2014, No. 9 (158), pp. 226-232.
15. Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V., Redin A.A. Studying the Ionization of Atmospheric Surface Layer in Different Geophysical Conditions, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, April 2018,Vol. 43, Issue 4, pp. 258-263.
16. Adzhiev A.Kh, Kupovykh G.V. Measurements of the Atmospheric Electric Field under High-Mountain Conditions in the vicinity of Mt. Elbrus, Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Phys-ics, 2015, Vol. 51, No. 6, pp. 633-638.
17. Adzhiev A.Kh, Kupovykh G.V. Variations in the atmospheric electric field at mountainous ob-servation points, Doklady Earth Science, May 2015, Vol. 462, Part 1, pp. 502-504.
18. Redin A.A., Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V. Vaisala data processing Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programm dlya EVM №2014661070 Zayavka №2014615501. Data postupleniya 05.06.2014. Data gos. registratsii v reestre programm dlya EVM ot 22.10.2014 [Vaisala data processing Certificate of state registration of computer programs No. 2014661070 Application No. 2013615501. The date of receipt is 06.06.2014. State date regis-tration in the registry of computer programs from 10/22/2014].
19. Redin A.A., Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V., Klovo A.G. Programma po obrabotke eksperimental'nykh dannykh poluchennykh s pomoshch'yu meteorologicheskoy stantsii firmy Vaisala Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programm dlya EVM №2015663427 Zayavka № 2015660170. Data postupleniya 28.10.2015. Data gos. registratsii v reestre programm dlya EVM ot 17.12.2015 [Program for processing experimental data obtained using the Vaisala meteoro-logical station. Certificate of state registration of computer programs No. 2015663427 Appli-cation No. 2015660170. Date of receipt October 28, 2015. State date registration in the registry of computer programs from 12/17/2015].
20. Redin A.A., Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V., Klovo A.G. Programma po obrabotke eksperimental'nykh dannykh poluchennykh s datchikov vlazhnosti i temperatury Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programm dlya EVM № 2015663428 Zayavka № 2015660171. Data postupleniya 28.10.2015. Data gos. registratsii v reestre programm dlya EVM ot 17.12.2015 [Pro-gram for processing experimental data obtained using humidity and temperature sensors Cer-tificate of state registration of computer programs No. 2015663428 Application No. 2015660171. Date of receipt October 28, 2015. State date registration in the registry of com-puter programs from 12/17/2015].
2. Gringauz K.I., Bezrukikh V.V., Ozerov V.D., Rybchinskiy R.E. Izuchenie mezhplanetnogo ionizovannogo gaza, energichnykh elektronov i korpuskulyarnogo izlucheniya Solntsa pri pomoshchi trekhelektrodnykh lovushek zaryazhennykh chastits na vtoroy sovetskoy kosmicheskoy rakete [The study of interplanetary ionized gas, energetic electrons and solar corpuscular radiation using three-electrode charged particle traps on the second Soviet space rocket], Doklady AN SSSR [Report ANSSR], 1960, Vol. 131, No. 6, pp. 1301-1304.
3. Available at: ftp://sohoftp.nascom.nasa.gov/sdb/goes/ace/monthly/201601_ace_swepam_1h.txt.
4. Anisimov S.V., Mareev E.A., Shikhova N.M., Dmitriev E.M. Mekhanizmy formirovaniya spektra pul'satsiy elektricheskogo polya prizemnoy atmosfery [Mechanisms of Forming the Spectrum of Pulsations of the Electric Field of the Surface Atmosphere], Izvestiya vuzov. Radiofizika [Izvesyiya universities. Radio Physics], 2001, Vol. XLIV, No. 7, pp. 562-575.
5. Adzhiev A.Kh., Kumukova O.A., Cherkesov A.A. Issledovanie vliyaniya solnechno-zemnykh vzaimosvyazey na dinamiku sutochnykh i sezonnykh variatsiy gradienta potentsiala prizemnoy atmosfery[Investigation of the influence of solar-terrestrial interconnections on the dynamics of daily and seasonal variations in the gradient of the potential of the surface atmosphere], Solnechno-zemnye svyazi: Mater. IX mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii 17-21 oktyabrya 2018. Petro-pavlovsk-Kamchatskiy [Solar-terrestrial relations. Proceedings of the IX International Confer-ence. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, October 28, 17-21, 2018], pp. 28.
6. Erokhin V.N., Kanaev A.S., Kupovykh G.V. i pr. Analiz rezul'tatov sinkhronnykh izmereniy E v Priel'brus'e i na Kol'skom poluostrove [Analysis of the results of synchronous measurements of E in the Elbrus region and on the Kola Peninsula], Rezul'taty issledovaniy po mezhdunarodnym geofizicheskim proektam. Magnitosfernye issledovaniya [Results of research on international geo-physical projects. Magnetospheric research]. Moscow: 1990, No. 15, pp. 44-47.
7. Degtyarev V.I., Popov G.V., Chudnenko S.E. Solnechnyy veter v minimumakh solnechnoy i magnitnoy aktivnosti za proshedshie 35 let [The solar wind in the minima of solar and magnetic activity over the past 35 years], Voprosy estestvoznaniya [Questions of science], 2014, No. 3, pp. 85-93.
8. Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V., Redin A.A. Vliyanie solnechnoy aktivnosti na variatsii elektricheskogo polya v prizemnom sloe atmosfery [Influence of solar activity on the variations of the electric field in the surface layer of the atmosphere], Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Fizika [Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Physics], 2016, Vol. 59, No. 12/3/, pp. 215-219.
9. Morozov V.N. Atmosfernoe elektrichestvo [Atmospheric electricity], Atmosfera. Spravochnik (spravochnye dannye, modeli) [Atmosphere. Reference (reference data, models)]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1991, pp. 394-408.
10. Morozov V.N., Kupovykh G.V. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie global'noy atmosfernoy elektricheskoy tsepi i elektrichestva prizemnogo sloya [Mathematical modeling of the global at-mospheric electric circuit and the electricity of the surface layer]. Saint Petersburg: Asterion, 2017, 307 p.
11. Redin A.A., Kupovykh G.V., Klovo A.G., Boldyrev A.S. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie elektrodinamicheskikh protsessov v usloviyakh aerozol'nogo zagryazneniya atmosfery [Mathemati-cal modeling of electrodynamic processes under conditions of atmospheric aerosol pollution], Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki [Izvestiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences], 2011, No. 8 (121), pp. 111-121.
12. Kupovykh G., Redin A., Boldyreff A. Modeling of ionization-recombination processes in the atmospheric surface laye, Journal of Electrostatics 71. Elsevier B.V., 2013, pp. 305-311.
13. Redin A.A., Kupovykh G.V., Boldyrev A.S. Electrodynamic Model of the Atmospheric Convec-tive-Turbulent Surface Layer, Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics, 2014, Vol. 56, Issue 11-12, pp. 739-746.
14. Adzhiev A.Kh., Kupovykh G.V., Kuliev D.D., Kazakova S.T., Malkandueva L.M. Sovmestnyy analiz variatsiy napryazhennosti elektricheskogo polya atmosfery i grozovoy aktivnosti [Joint analysis of the variations of the electric field of the atmosphere and thunderstorm activity], Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki [Izvestiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences], 2014, No. 9 (158), pp. 226-232.
15. Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V., Redin A.A. Studying the Ionization of Atmospheric Surface Layer in Different Geophysical Conditions, Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, April 2018,Vol. 43, Issue 4, pp. 258-263.
16. Adzhiev A.Kh, Kupovykh G.V. Measurements of the Atmospheric Electric Field under High-Mountain Conditions in the vicinity of Mt. Elbrus, Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Phys-ics, 2015, Vol. 51, No. 6, pp. 633-638.
17. Adzhiev A.Kh, Kupovykh G.V. Variations in the atmospheric electric field at mountainous ob-servation points, Doklady Earth Science, May 2015, Vol. 462, Part 1, pp. 502-504.
18. Redin A.A., Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V. Vaisala data processing Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programm dlya EVM №2014661070 Zayavka №2014615501. Data postupleniya 05.06.2014. Data gos. registratsii v reestre programm dlya EVM ot 22.10.2014 [Vaisala data processing Certificate of state registration of computer programs No. 2014661070 Application No. 2013615501. The date of receipt is 06.06.2014. State date regis-tration in the registry of computer programs from 10/22/2014].
19. Redin A.A., Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V., Klovo A.G. Programma po obrabotke eksperimental'nykh dannykh poluchennykh s pomoshch'yu meteorologicheskoy stantsii firmy Vaisala Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programm dlya EVM №2015663427 Zayavka № 2015660170. Data postupleniya 28.10.2015. Data gos. registratsii v reestre programm dlya EVM ot 17.12.2015 [Program for processing experimental data obtained using the Vaisala meteoro-logical station. Certificate of state registration of computer programs No. 2015663427 Appli-cation No. 2015660170. Date of receipt October 28, 2015. State date registration in the registry of computer programs from 12/17/2015].
20. Redin A.A., Kudrinskaya T.V., Kupovykh G.V., Klovo A.G. Programma po obrabotke eksperimental'nykh dannykh poluchennykh s datchikov vlazhnosti i temperatury Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programm dlya EVM № 2015663428 Zayavka № 2015660171. Data postupleniya 28.10.2015. Data gos. registratsii v reestre programm dlya EVM ot 17.12.2015 [Pro-gram for processing experimental data obtained using humidity and temperature sensors Cer-tificate of state registration of computer programs No. 2015663428 Application No. 2015660171. Date of receipt October 28, 2015. State date registration in the registry of com-puter programs from 12/17/2015].
